content_text: SINGAPORE - Media OutReach - 7 February 2022 - Alcon, the global leader in eye care dedicated to helping people see brilliantly, today announced it has appointed Chintan Desai and Stephanie Waugh to lead the company's Surgical and Vision Care franchises in Asia Pacific (APAC) region. These new appointments reflect Alcon's commitment to market-leading innovation and growth in the region. Both executives will build on Alcon's product pipeline, year-to-date performance, and strengthen innovation and commercial execution, driving Surgical and Vision Care sales growth in all categories.Chintan Desai has joined Alcon as Vice President, Surgical for Asia Pacific. He succeeds Sunil Vasant, who has been appointed Vice President, Commercial Operations and Strategy, Alcon International.Stephanie Waugh, previously Vice President and Global Head of Ocular Health, has been appointed Vice President, Vision Care for Asia Pacific. She succeeds Gustavo Zac, who has been appointed Vice President, U.S. Vision Care Marketing. In his new role, Desai will harness his extensive healthcare and medical device industry experience in Asia Pacific and the United States and his competence in sales, services, finance, supply chain and project management to solidify Alcon's industry-leading surgical eye care market leadership. He joins Alcon's Surgical International Leadership team and reports to Roger Lopez, President, International, Surgical Franchise. In her past roles, Waugh has played a pivotal role in new product innovation and portfolio strategy for Alcon's leading eye care brands, including Systane®, Pataday®, OPTI-FREE® and AOSEPT®. She will continue to spearhead the expansion of Alcon's contact lens and ocular health portfolio in the region and joins Alcon's Vision Care International Leadership team. She reports to Sophie Dutilloy, President, International, Vision Care Franchise. Rajkumar Narayanan, President, International, said, "Chintan's regional leadership experience and Stephanie's deep understanding of our business puts us in good stead to continue our growth in the APAC region. We aim to strengthen our leadership in surgical and vision care by growing our intraocular implants and next-generation surgical instruments for cataract and expanding our contact lens offering and eye drop portfolio. With their combined experience and passion for customers, I know that they will make an immediate impact and lead our business to address the growing regional needs for improved vision by helping people see brilliantly." Desai joins Alcon following 23 years at GE Healthcare, most recently as Chief Executive Officer for Southeast Asia. He was integral in leading the commercial team to deliver consistent double-digit growth and established a strong leadership structure to enable sustainable, long-term growth. Under his leadership, GE Healthcare grew its footprint in both public and private sectors in categories such as diagnostic imaging, ultrasound, anaesthesia and monitoring solutions, becoming Southeast Asia's largest company in its category. Desai spent the first decade of his career with GE Healthcare in the United States at the GE Healthcare Global HQ. After moving to Asia Pacific in 2008, he held progressive commercial, finance and operational leadership roles for GE Healthcare Asia Pacific, based in Sydney and Singapore. "Estimates show that more than a billion people across the region will be living with vision loss by 2050,1 and with an aging population as well as the increasing incidence of myopia, improving access to high-quality ophthalmic care is a key priority for all APAC countries," said Desai. "Our innovations, such as Vivity™ and PanOptix® intraocular lenses, and our education initiatives, such as the Phaco Development Program, continue to empower and enable ophthalmic surgeons in APAC with world-class vision care offerings. I'm thrilled to join Alcon and to work alongside our teams, partners and customers to help people see brilliantly so that they can live brilliantly." Waugh joined Alcon in 2018 after four years at Novartis Pharmaceuticals. She was most recently Global Head, External Eye Disease, and oversaw brand and portfolio strategy, integration, new product launches, and commercial strategy for business development and licensing with deals valued at $1.5 billion. Prior to Novartis, Waugh spent nine years at Procter & Gamble in brand management, innovation strategy and business development for brands like Vicks, Pepto-Bismol, Pantene, Olay and Gillette, as well as prescription pharmaceuticals in gastroenterology and women's health. "My career at Alcon has been an exhilarating journey, taking me from Texas to around the world and now to Singapore. It is a great pleasure to be given the opportunity to lead in such a dynamic and vibrant region," said Waugh. "I will be working closely with our team, customers and partners to launch and grow our robust pipeline of innovative products in contact lenses, contact lens care, dry eyes and allergy drops, and to raise the bar for the vision care industry." References 1. IAPB Vision Atlas All GBD Region Snapshots. https://www.iapb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Vision-Atlas_All-GBD-Region-Snapshots_24022021.pdf, accessed 16 Dec 2021. Forward-looking Statements This press release contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as: "anticipate," "intend," "commitment," "look forward," "maintain," "plan," "goal," "seek," "believe," "project," "estimate," "expect," "strategy," "future," "likely," "may," "should," "will" and similar references to future periods. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties and risks that are difficult to predict. Some of these factors are discussed in our filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, including our Form 20-F. Should one or more of these uncertainties or risks materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this press release speak only as of the date they are made, and we assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. About Alcon Alcon helps people see brilliantly. As the global leader in eye care with a heritage spanning more than seven decades, we offer the broadest portfolio of products to enhance sight and improve people's lives. Our Surgical and Vision Care products touch the lives of more than 260 million people in over 140 countries each year living with conditions like cataracts, glaucoma, retinal diseases and refractive errors. Our more than 23,000 associates are enhancing the quality of life through innovative products, partnerships with eye care professionals and programs that advance access to quality eye care. Learn more at www.alcon.com. Connect with us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/AlconEyeCare/ LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/alcon/ #Alcon The issuer is solely responsible for the content of this announcement.

journalist: By Alcon, Media OutReach

title: Alcon Announces New Leaders in Asia Pacific


content_text:
高雄有79萬輛小客車，路邊汽車格約5萬、路外2萬2千格、民營停車場約7萬4千格，熱門路段停車格位供需失衡，民眾怨路邊許多車格被塗銷或改卸貨用，太不便民。市議員指路外停車場擴增，實際是建商為抵稅以停車場養地，未來仍會蓋房。高雄市交通局表示，停車格政策以路外停車場為主，道路以交通需求為主軸，條件允許才會畫設路邊格位。

交通局長張淑娟說，路邊停車格屬道路附設空間，路邊停車常衍伸安全問題，停靠、駛離或開車門不慎都可能造成事故，開闢停車場會以路外為主，包括平面、立體停車場都是努力目標。

市議員郭建盟指出，近年路外停車場擴增，實際狀況是建商為抵稅，以停車場養地，未來仍會把空地拿去蓋房，長期來看對停車需求沒有幫助。郭也說，路邊商家、民眾短暫停車需求等，倚賴路邊停車格，建議這類停車空間要維持一定數量。

市議員陳致中指出，近年六都各提出不少停車場申請案，新北申請金額為90多億、台中有30多億、台南也有20多億，高雄申請13億，實際核定8億，金額是六都內最少，建議市府應大力爭取中央前瞻補助，將公園、學校地下空間規畫為停車場，發揮更大效益。

機車騎士吳小姐說，她曾被路旁突開車門的汽車撞傷，此後行經有路邊停車格路段會特別小心，路邊停車、起步增加不少風險，路外停車相對安全。

市議員李雅靜觀察，鳳山區中山路停車問題存在已久，市府還塗銷路邊停車格，「實在沒道理，到銀行洽公根本無處停車。」交通局表示，目前已恢復中山路停車格，會持續盤點適合增設路邊車格地點。

people: 郭建盟 陳致中 李雅靜

taiwan-subdivisions: 高雄市 新北 鳳山區 高雄 中山

title: 高市塗銷路邊車格 挨批不便民


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本港新增614宗新冠病毒確診個案，創本港疫情以來新高，其中607宗是本地個案。初步陽性個案超過600宗。

衞生防護中心表示，目前情況並不樂觀，涉及農曆新年聚集的家庭群組個案，預計明日確診數字或達到800宗。當局強調並不代表政府無能力控制疫情，呼籲市民減少外出。

政府明日會啟動竹篙灣的社區隔離設施，安排風險較低的確診者隔離，密切接觸者的家居接觸者要家居檢疫，中心提醒家居檢疫者不要外出。

events: 疫情 新冠病毒

title: 新增614宗確診　竹篙灣社區隔離設施明天啟動


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出生於2004年的中國小將蘇翊鳴首次亮相北京冬奧，在單板滑雪男子坡面障礙技巧資格賽中，第一輪就以86.80分成為30位選手中首滑唯一上80分的人，兩輪結束排第一，穩穩拿到決賽資格。對於決賽他非常有信心，「因為祖國在背後支持我」。

來源：YouTube

觀察者網報導，單板滑雪男子坡面障礙技巧資格賽6日在張家口賽區雲頂滑雪公園舉行。第一輪倒數出場的蘇翊鳴剛亮相，就獲得了現場的歡呼聲。他也是本次參加單板技巧賽30位選手中年齡最小的選手。

首秀中，蘇翊鳴輕盈穩健，高難度動作頻頻出現，在道具區的動作設計令人眼花繚亂，飛簷走壁的功夫在雪地裡格外亮眼。踏出賽場，未滿18歲的蘇翊鳴興奮的舉起了滑雪板對鏡頭說「謝謝」。

蘇翊鳴童星出道，出演「智取威虎山」電影。（取材自新民晚報）蘇翊鳴選擇成為職業運動員，全力以赴備戰冬奧。（取材自微博）這位曾在電影「智取威虎山」中飾演「小栓子」的昔日童星，還是首位完成單板滑雪內轉1980度抓板動作的男性運動員，用實力證明了他在電影中的那句台詞「怕你們攆不上」，網友感嘆「小栓子果然沒吹牛」。

蘇翊鳴談到這段演員經歷時表示，「我必須把百分之百的精力，投入到我想要做的事中」，所以在演員和職業運動員之間選擇了後者，並全力以赴備戰冬奧。

報導指出，2004年2月18日出生於吉林的蘇翊鳴，4歲開始學習滑雪，2008年成為山西冰雪項目運動員，主攻單板滑雪的大跳台和坡面障礙技巧。2020年3月，蘇翊鳴解鎖了中國首個三周空翻轉體1620度動作；2021年1月，蘇翊鳴在訓練中完成了中國單板史上首個反腳外轉五周1800度動作。

2021年10月28日，蘇翊鳴在奧地利備戰北京冬奧時，成功挑戰Bs1980IndyCrail（內轉1980度抓板）高難度動作，成為全球首個完成該動作的運動員。2021年12月，在單板滑雪大跳台世界杯比賽中，蘇翊鳴成為第一個問鼎冠軍的中國人。

北京2022年冬奧會單板滑雪項目男子坡面障礙技巧資格賽在張家口雲頂滑雪公園舉行，中國選手蘇翊鳴晉級決賽。(中新社)蘇翊鳴晉級決賽，賽後興奮不已。（取材自觀察者網）中國選手蘇翊鳴去年在世界盃瑞士拉克斯站的比賽，他獲得坡面障礙技巧項目男子組決賽第十名。（新華社）

countries: 中國 奧地利 瑞士

taiwan-subdivisions: 新社 成功

title: 冬奧／單板飛簷走壁 「智取威虎山」中國小童星首秀高分


content_text:
▲朱易上場過度緊張，2次失誤導致成績墊底 。（圖／翻攝微博）

記者張靖榕／綜合報導

美國加州出生的19歲中國大陸花式滑冰選手朱易，6日首次在冬奧花滑團體賽女單人短曲項目代表中國出賽，卻意外出現2次嚴重失誤，賽後微博標籤「朱易跌倒」成為熱門話題，很快吸引2.3億次觀看，但很快「被消失」，超過8000萬人次觀看的「朱易搞砸」也變成無搜尋結果，剩下「朱易摔了」、「朱易失誤」等低熱度的標籤。微博鄉民對朱易的評論抨擊也相當猛烈，「真是丟人丟到家了」。

綜合陸媒與外電報導，朱易登場時略顯緊張，比賽中2次嚴重失誤，包括第一次三轉空翻加後外點冰三周摔倒，以及原定720度的Loop動作，也因為起跳踏空失敗，被判定為無效動作，最後以總分47.03分的成績墊底，也讓中國花滑團體賽成績從第三名跌落第五名，驚險晉級自由滑冰項目。

朱易在2018年披上中國大陸戰袍，這次首次代表中國出賽冬奧卻發生2次嚴重失誤，她賽後落淚自責，以為動作能連貫成功，「但沒想到失敗了」。

▲▼朱易賽後自責落淚，卻被網友罵「哭第一名」 。（圖／翻攝微博）

消息在微博上發酵，「朱易跌倒」登上熱搜，標籤被停用前已累計超過2.3億次點閱，「朱易搞砸」也有超過8000萬次點閱，但這2個標籤搜尋已經沒有結果，或出現其他發文。

網友紛紛發言或留言，痛批朱易「就這水平，還上奧運，沒有黑幕誰信」、「姐，被妳頂替的妹妹才該落淚...團體賽其他人才該落淚...被迫看妳比賽的觀眾才該落淚」、「可以告訴我47分是什麼概念嗎」、「看完一整個無語」、「實力不行，哭第一名」、「這輩子沒這麼無語過，別罵了，我都快讚不過來了。」也有人批評朱易是靠美籍歸化背景、科學家父親的關係才擠下另一名眾人看好的滑冰選手陳虹伊，成為北京在冬奧的樣板選手，「一定要叫妳爸爸好好努力，不然妳永遠都是偷別人夢想的人」、「妳科學家爸爸最好把光刻機發明出來」。

不過也有部分網友持正向看法，認為能替中國出賽已經很不容易，還要頂著冬奧的壓力，「換作是你連上都不敢上」。

countries: 中國 美國

title: 美少女朱易花滑2次嚴重失誤！　微博熱搜罵翻「丟人丟到家」


content_text:
Hollywood Tests the Limit of Marquee Names a Single Film Can Hold好萊塢巨星抱團正流行

Last December, Netflix began streaming “Don’t Look Up,” a big-budget

satire starring Leonardo DiCaprio, Jennifer Lawrence, Tyler Perry,

Ariana Grande, Jonah Hill, Meryl Streep, Cate Blanchett and Timothée

Chalamet.

去年12月，Netflix開始播放高預算諷刺劇「千萬別抬頭」，主演者包括李奧納多迪卡皮歐、珍妮佛勞倫斯、泰勒派瑞、亞莉安娜、喬納希爾、梅莉史翠普、凱特布蘭琪和提摩西夏勒梅。

One star playing Spider-Man? How quaint. “Spider-Man: No Way Home,”

has three A-listers in Spidey spandex: Tom Holland, Andrew Garfield

and Tobey Maguire. About 43% of opening-weekend viewers in the

United States cited the cast as the reason they bought tickets,

according to PostTrak surveys.

由單一明星飾演蜘蛛人？還真老派。「蜘蛛人：無家日」有三位A咖穿上蜘蛛人緊身衣：湯姆霍蘭德、安德魯加菲爾德和陶比麥奎爾。根據PostTrak調查，美國上映首周末觀眾約有43%說是衝著卡司買票進場。

“Someday, someone will decide to make one movie with two Batmans —

oh, wait, it’s happening,” Terry Press, one of Hollywood’s top

marketers, said with signature dryness. She was referring to “The

Flash,” a superhero movie from Warner Bros. that is scheduled for

late this year; Ben Affleck’s Batman will appear alongside Michael

Keaton’s Batman.

好萊塢頂尖行銷專家之一特麗．普瑞斯以招牌的冷嘲口吻說：「總有一天，會有人決定製作一部有兩個蝙蝠俠的電影——噢等等，已經有了。」她說的是華納兄弟超級英雄電影「閃電俠」，定2022年近年底時上映，班艾佛列克飾演的蝙蝠俠將與米高基頓飾演的蝙蝠俠同台。

Taken one film at a time, star amassment is nothing new. “Grand

Hotel” (1932), “Thousands Cheer” (1943), and the entire “Ocean’s 11”

franchise come to mind, not to mention Marvel’s recent “Avengers”

movies.

一部電影眾星雲集並非新鮮事，1932年「大飯店」、1943年「千萬喝采」和整個「瞞天過海」系列電影都是，更不用說漫威最近的「復仇者聯盟」電影。

All of a sudden, though, they are everywhere.

不過突然間，這種電影到處都是。

Why?

怎會這樣？

“Stars matter — always have, always will — and Hollywood retreats to

them, leans harder on them, when it gets nervous about a wandering

audience,” said Jeanine Basinger, a film scholar and the author of

Hollywood histories such as “The Star Machine,” which examines the

old studio system.

電影學者珍妮．貝辛格說：「明星很重要，一向如此，未來也將如此，而當好萊塢擔心抓不住觀眾時，就當明星是避風港，更倚賴他們。」貝辛格著有數本好萊塢歷史書，如檢視傳統片廠體系的「明星機器」。

Basinger, who founded Wesleyan University’s film studies department,

noted that individual star power has faded. Studios have become

fixated on intellectual property — preexisting franchises and

characters.

創辦美國衛斯理大學電影學系的貝辛格提到，個別明星對觀眾的吸引力消退，電影公司變得異常迷戀智慧財產權，也就是既有的系列電影和角色。

“In the old days, movie stars were the brands,” she said. “They

reached the whole audience. Not a slice of the audience. Everybody.

But that all fell apart. Now, it’s about adding up niches.”

她說：「以往，電影明星就是品牌，能吸引所有觀眾。不是一小部分觀眾，而是每個人。只是那個年代過去了。現在要做的是增加利基。」

And don’t forget Hollywood’s favorite game: Follow the leader. “The

Avengers: Endgame,” which packed its cast with Robert Downey Jr., Don

Cheadle, Chris Hemsworth, Scarlett Johansson, Chadwick Boseman, Jeremy

Renner, Paul Rudd, Elizabeth Olsen and a dozen other boldface names,

became one of the highest-grossing movies of all time in 2019.

而且別忘了好萊塢最愛玩的就是一窩蜂。「復仇者聯盟：終局之戰」演出陣容滿是大咖，包括小勞勃道尼、唐奇鐸、克里斯漢斯沃、史嘉蕾喬韓森、查德威克鮑斯曼、傑瑞米雷納、保羅路德、伊莉莎白歐森和另外12位明星，2019年上映後成為影史最賣座電影之一。

“It’s trendy at the moment,” Tim Palen, a producer and former studio

marketing chief, said of what he called an “all skate” approach to

casting. “Not new but certainly symptomatic of the battle for attention

that’s raging.”

曾是片廠行銷主管、現為製片的帕倫說，這種「全員上陣」的卡司安排「就是現在的流行，並不新，但確實反映爭奪注意力之戰正如火如荼進行中」。

文／Brooks Barnes 譯／李京倫

說文解字看新聞【李京倫】

好萊塢出現明星抱團趨勢，愈來愈多電影由眾多一線影星同台演出，因為這樣片商可以分散風險，單一明星所承受的票房壓力也會跟著減輕。

當代抱團現象要從美國職籃（NBA）開始算起，球星為了能夠拿下總冠軍，會離開原本球隊並加入有其他球星的隊伍，形成「群星會」。中文稱「抱團」，紐時用star amassment描述此一現象。抱團風潮形成後，NBA球隊就鮮少單靠一位王牌球員奪冠，反而動輒出現三、四、五巨頭的陣容，英文稱NBA's superteam era；這股風潮現在從NBA吹進影視圈。

Marquee是戲院入口處寫有主演者名字的招牌，作形容詞時引申為頭牌的，例如marquee name。電影「高預算」是big-budget，「小成本」則是low-budget。

Dryness在本文有「冷嘲」口吻的意思。All skate源自1970年代溜冰場術語，意思是每個人都可以或必須參與某項活動。

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▪111年大學學測 各科試題與參考解答

countries: 查德 美國

title: 紐時賞析／「千萬別抬頭」眾星雲集  好萊塢巨星抱團正流行


content_text:
亞馬遜（Amazon.com Inc.）財報創佳績、股價大漲激勵科技股，再加上就業報告良好推升殖利率、提振金融類股，使得那斯達克指數、標準普爾 500 指數週五（4 日）雙雙走高，並寫下今（2022）年以來最大週漲幅。

道瓊工業平均指數2月4日終場下跌0.06%（21.42點）、收35,089.74點；週K線上漲1.05%。那斯達克指數上漲1.58%（219.19點）、收14,098.01點；週K線上漲2.38%。標準普爾500指數上漲0.52%（23.09點）、收4,500.53點；週K線上漲1.55%。費城半導體指數上漲0.6%（20.53點）、收3,453.07點；週K線勁揚4.53%。

亞馬遜新公布的上季盈餘表現強勁、雲端營收擊敗華爾街原本預期，股價應聲飆漲13.54%、收3,152.79美元，創1月18日以來收盤新高，為2015年以來最大單日漲幅。不只如此，亞馬遜4日市值一口氣膨脹約1,900億美元，單日市值增幅為美企史上首見。

另一方面，開發出Snapchat通訊軟體的社群媒體公司Snap Inc.在公布史上首見的單季獲利成績單後，股價暴漲58.82%、收38.91美元。Snap上季財報也顯示，該公司規避蘋果（Apple Inc.）最新iOS隱私權廣告政策的進度比預期還要快。Snap週四股價在財報公布前夕慘跌23.6%。

視覺探索及圖片分享社群平台Pinterest Inc.公布優於預期的上季財報後，股價大漲11.18%、收27.25美元。Pinterest公布的上季每股盈餘來到0.49美元、較Refinitv調查的分析師預估值高出0.04美元，營收也擊敗華爾街原本預期。

不過，Facebook母公司Meta Platforms 3日公布令人大失所望的上季財報、當天股價慘崩26.39%，4日續跌0.28%、收237.09美元，創2020年7月30日以來收盤新低。Snap等社群媒體業者快速適應iOS最新隱私權廣告政策的消息出爐，令Meta股價面臨更進一步壓力。

Meta 3日當天跌幅為2012年5月掛牌以來最大單日跌幅，單日市值蒸發超過2,300億美元、為美股史上最高紀錄，超越蘋果2020年9月寫下的單日蒸發1,820億美元。Meta新公布的財報、財測表現令投資人大失所望，主因蘋果改變廣告隱私權政策，使其營運大受衝擊，預測2022年營收恐因此削減大約100億美元。

投資人也關注優於預期的就業報告對美國未來貨幣政策走向的影響。美國勞工部公布的1月非農業就業人數新增467,000人、遠高於經濟學家原本預估的150,000人。市場原本擔憂，Omicron變種病毒肆虐，可能會對1月就業報告產生影響。

LPL Financial資產配置策略師Barry Gilbert指出，對市場而言，這份報告關乎Fed貨幣政策，由於新增就業人數、薪資增幅皆比預期還要高，人們預料Fed將如期於3月升息，且今年可能升息四次或更多。

BMO分析師Ian Lygen指出，就業報告非常強勁，這顯示Fed 3月確定會升息一碼（25個基點），升息兩碼的機率也增加。他說，市場如今預測，2022年會升息122.5個基點，而殖利率曲線前端則還有上揚空間、這會使曲線轉趨平坦。

殖利率應聲跳漲。CNBC報導，紐約債市4日尾盤時，美國10年期公債殖利率大漲9個基點至1.918%，稍早一度觸及2019年12月以來盤中新高；30年期公債殖利率也勁揚7個基點至2.223%（公債價格與殖利率呈現反向走勢）。

金融類股聞訊走強。美國銀行（Bank of America）勁揚3.98%、收48.28美元，創1月13日以來收盤新高。Direxion每日三倍做多北美銀行股ETF （Direxion Daily RegionalBanks Bull 3X Shares）同步勁揚5.62%、收54.15美元。

其他個股變化方面，福特（Ford Motor）公布的上季財報遜於市場預期，股價應聲下挫9.7%、收17.96美元。

美國遊戲軟體引擎商Unity Software Inc.公布的上季財報擊敗華爾街預估、本季財測也相當樂觀，股價應聲大漲17.4%、收108.66美元。Unity並表示，互動式即時3D遊戲市場未來數十年的成長力道將相當強勁。

（本文由 MoneyDJ新聞 授權轉載；首圖來源：Unsplash）

companies: Apple 蘋果

title: 那指週漲幅今年最優，亞馬遜、金融股超強


content_text: Market Research.biz published a report titled Global Endobronchial Ultrasound Biopsy Market research report which covers comprehensive data on emerging trends, market drivers, growth opportunities, and restraints that can change the market dynamics of the industry. It provides an in-depth analysis of the market segments which include products, applications, and competitor analysis. Click here to order a sample copy of the Global Endobronchial Ultrasound Biopsy market report:https://marketresearch.biz/report/endobronchial-ultrasound-biopsy-market/request-sample Global Endobronchial Ultrasound Biopsy Market research report delivers a close watch on leading competitors with strategic analysis, micro and macro market trend and scenarios, pricing analysis and a holistic overview of the market situations in the forecast period. It is a professional and a detailed report focusing on primary and secondary drivers, market share, leading segments and geographical analysis. 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journalist: By Prudour

title: Endobronchial Ultrasound Biopsy Market To 2022 High Growth Opportunities, Emerging Trends,Market Review, Forecast 2031


content_text:
Colley Hwang, DIGITIMES, Taipei  Monday 7 February 2022   0In the 1990s, Intel, the peerless CPU market leader, even produced motherboards, challenging Taiwan's motherboard makers. Was Intel really interested in making motherboards? Certainly not. It was Intel's intention to use its self-made motherboards to motivate Taiwan makers to upgrade their skill level. It's very similar to TSMC's strategic purpose of developing technology of IC packaging and testing. Intel purchased PCBs from Taiwan to assemble motherboards in Puerto Rico that offered cheap labor with strategic purpose of selling advanced microprocessors to Taiwan makers and seeking vertical integration for the maturing market at the same time. Intel was eyeing a winner-take-all plan. But Intel's plan never succeeded, or the notebook and mobile phone supply chain would not have thrived, and it would have even wreaked havoc on the IC design industry.

At that time, Intel knocked out AMD. After Lisa Su took office as AMD's CEO, she drastically changed the strategy to make good use of TSMC's production capacity, staging a strong comeback in advanced node processes, subduing Intel that hit a snag at 10nm and 7nm. AMD has survived. After gaining ground in the mobile phone market, Apple is eager to cash in on business opportunities of high-performance computing. Besides, Nvidia has seized a strategic foothold in the AI and metaverse markets, relying on the manufacturing capabilities of its foundry partners.

Qualcom and MediaTek are also taking actions. Will Google, Amazon, Microsoft ignore the business opportunities of self-driving chips, AI and metaverse? Of course not. Neither would the Chinese players miss the opportunities to compete head to head with the US Internet giants.

Under the intense global race, with the most advanced node process originally limited to a handful of key adopters, wafer foundries as the pivotal sector of the entire supply chain seem to play the role of a game-changer in the years to come thanks to the phenomenal growth of silicon content. So, we may assume that TSMC's global leadership will remain secure until 2025 when 2nm comes into play. But what's lying ahead beyond 2025? If TSMC failed, what would be the root cause?

There are no unbeatable players in this industry! During the 1980s, who would believe IBM's leading position would be on the wane. During the 1990s, Intel was peerless. We don't believe Intel stands a chance of beating TSMC before 2025. Taiwanese dub TSMC the "Sacred Mountain" that protects the country, but 80% of the equity of this sacred mountain is foreign-owned. No one really knows what would happen if there were drastic changes.

Colley Hwang, president of  Asia, is a tech industry analyst with more than three decades of experience under his belt. He has written several books about the trends and developments of the tech industry, including Asian Edge: On the Frontline of the ICT World published in 2019, and Disconnected ICT Supply Chain: New Power Plays Unfolding published in 2020.

companies: Apple Google

title: Industry watch: CPU battle heating up


content_text:
環球晶 (6488-TW) 收購世創 (Siltronic) 破局，對此，環球晶董事長徐秀蘭今 (6) 日表示，主要原因在於時間不足，但不會因此停止併購腳步，儘管未來國際併購案難度可能增加，若有合適標的還是會積極併購。

環球晶公開收購世創案於交易截止日前 (2022 年 1 月 31 日)，未能成就所有所需收購條件，即未能取得所有主管機關核准，因此將執行擴產計畫。

談未能順利併購世創的原因，徐秀蘭表示，此次收購案需要取得的國別審批非常多，而德國外國投資管轄單位聯邦經濟事務和氣候行動部一開始就要求要看到中國審查資料才能開始審查，1 月 20 日獲中國審查通過，但 26 日才收到完整的書面資料遞交給德國政府，主要原因就是時間來不及。

徐秀蘭表示，收購案未完成，但先前陸續取得世創股票、持股達 13.67%，為其第二大股東，沒有處分期限，也沒有具體處分計畫或要因此轉成長期投資，還會再觀察一下，因為半導體市況非常好，包括環球晶基本面成長都還很健康，目前持股沒有風險，收益或虧損會逐季評價。

根據與世創合約，環球晶應支付 5000 萬歐元交易終止費，徐秀蘭表示，這筆費用將在第四季認列，依目前財務狀況來看，衝擊有限。

對於後續併購計畫，徐秀蘭則說，環球晶是為了要成長，不是為併購而併購，隨著公司規模擴大，未來國際併購難度可能增加，加上各國因地緣政治關係，也會更謹慎看待。

journalist: 鉅亨網記者林薏茹 台北

countries: 中國 德國

title: 〈環球晶併世創破局〉時間不足為主因 若有合適標的仍會積極併購 | Anue鉅亨 - 台股新聞


content_text:
行政院昨日宣布，即日起至4月30日止，免徵進口玉米、黃豆、小麥營業稅。圖為河北省泊頭市小麥收成。（新華社）  為避免農曆年後百業再掀漲價潮，行政院昨日宣布，即日起至4月30日止，免徵進口玉米、黃豆、小麥營業稅，奶油、烘焙用奶粉等進口關稅減半，天然氣民生用戶及桶裝瓦斯也凍漲至4月底。同時，去年12月1日已核定水泥貨物稅與牛肉關稅減半、小麥關稅降為零，也延至4月底。

民生消費與餐飲業在年前已有一波漲價，為穩定年後物價，行政院長蘇貞昌昨天趕在春節假期最後一天，召開物價及金融穩定會議，宣布祭出多項措施，包括：免徵進口玉米、黃豆營業稅；免徵進口小麥營業稅；奶油、烘焙用奶粉進口關稅減半；調降汽柴油貨物稅，加碼調降汽油貨物稅每公升1元，柴油貨物稅每公升0.5元；行政院去年12月1日核定水泥貨物稅減半、小麥關稅降為免稅、牛肉關稅減半，續延至4月底。

依據油價公式，汽、柴油應在今日每公升調漲1.2元及2.8元，但中油昨表示，配合調降貨物稅、維持亞鄰國家最低價、平穩機制，及加碼春節穩定物價「上漲不調、下跌調」等措施，本周汽、柴油價格均不調整，92無鉛汽油每公升為29.8元、95無鉛汽油31.3元、98無鉛汽油33.3元、超級柴油則為26.5元。

蘇貞昌表示，政府採取的穩定措施將可降低餐飲業、烘焙業、小吃攤商食材成本，並同步降低畜產業的飼養成本，緩解進口原物料價格上漲的壓力；天然氣民生用戶及桶裝瓦斯凍漲至4月底，不但保障一般家戶不增加支出，亦可減輕廠商營運成本，盼業者共體時艱，主動採取平穩物價作為。

但是飼料肉品大廠直言，「黃小玉」等原物料國際已上漲數倍，政府年前以「行政手段」要求各飼料供應商「凍漲」，至今未完全反映成本，年後即使取消營業稅，根本是「杯水車薪」，效果有限。

對於無水奶油、奶油與烘焙用奶粉關稅減半，糕餅公會表示，今年上半年還有「母親節」大檔期，相關物資需求將會大增，希望關稅減半實施期間可延長到5月母親節後。

餐飲業者表示，這些品項很難反映在終端商品訂價上，更高的成本比重是進口肉類，一整年漲了6、7成，還是得適時反應成本，調整售價因應。餐飲業者直言，除原物料價格上揚，像是去年因內用禁令造成虧損，以及政府調漲基本工資，人力成本明顯增加，真的是撐不住了，才會調漲售價。

國民黨立委李貴敏說，國際能源價格仍處高檔，供應鏈斷鏈與國際運輸問題未解，農糧原物料都上漲，台灣如何倖免？就算部分民生用品暫時凍漲，份量也縮水，可見漲價早已全民有感，「活不起的小確幸，漲不上去的薪資」，政府應檢討改進，別再編預算做大內外宣、洗數據。

（中國時報／吳家豪、吳靜君、黃琮淵）

journalist: 中國時報／吳家豪、吳靜君、黃琮淵

countries: 中國 台灣

people: 蘇貞昌 李貴敏

title: 物價壓力大 進口黃小玉免徵營業稅


content_text:
2022躍演《釧兒》將在2022年3月11日至13日首度於台北國家戲劇院演出旗艦劇場版。（躍演提供）

〔記者凃盈如／台北報導〕「躍演劇團」自2015年起在高雄衛武營及台中歌劇院等地巡演的音樂劇《釧兒》，結合戲曲與愛情，累積超過3萬人次入場觀眾口碑推薦，台北場歷經疫情影響兩度延期，終將在2022年3月11日至13日首度於台北國家戲劇院演出旗艦劇場版。

音樂劇《釧兒》由曾慧誠執導，為澎恰恰原創故事，並由金曲獎常勝軍李哲藝擔任音樂總監，將戲曲與流行音樂結合，揉和傳統與現代，並以愛情故事串起全劇，講述一個落魄歌仔戲班與一段跨越時空相知相守的愛情，本次更邀請到歌手周定緯、戲劇男神楊子儀參與演出。

2015年《釧兒》在衛武營戶外榕園震撼首演，呈現一個沒落歌仔戲班意外得到搬演酬神大戲《薛平貴與王寶釧》的機會。劇中由知名作曲家李哲藝帶領灣聲樂團現場演奏，並由荒山亮與澎恰恰擔綱同一角色，周定緯、楊子儀分別演出歌仔戲小生與歌舞團團長，搭配劇場實力演員張芳瑜、張擎佳、呂承祐、王悅甄等演員演出，呈現超群的演、唱實力。

本次主角為「星光舞王」周定緯，他於劇中不僅要與劇場美聲演員張芳瑜談一場超越生死的戀愛，更透過與澎恰恰或荒山亮的父子對戲，詮釋當代社會中傳統戲曲的傳承與掙扎。從外景主持累積超高人氣的戲劇男神楊子儀，在劇中飾演黑豬歌舞團團長，帶著鋼管舞女團辣翻廟埕老少，與歌仔戲班的嗆聲衝突不斷，背後卻有著極細膩的兄弟情誼，躍演劇團團長及本劇導演曾慧誠更首度客串演出，自紐約學習音樂劇歸國的他將在劇中飾演廟公，也是一種東西方巧妙地融合，帶來不同的詮釋。

journalist: 凃盈如

title: 釧兒首度台北演出 國家戲劇院再現感動


content_text:
年後開工大徵才。全球餐飲企業鼎泰豐與台北市就業服務處合力辦理專案招募活動，將在 2月12日(六)上午10時至下午4時於台北市政府中庭舉行，釋出120個職缺、月薪最高50K起、時薪最高215元起，招攬全台12家分店優秀餐飲人才，歡迎想投入餐飲業的求職者一同加入行列。

北市勞動局長陳信瑜表示，鼎泰豐在疫情影響下，不僅不減薪，更持續招募人才，以近期兩場在北市就服站進行微型徵才來看，活動時間二小時，就有高達128個面試人數，求職人潮踴躍、是不少轉職者夢想進入的企業清單。

陳信瑜指出，本次職缺共有九職類，薪資待遇優渥，除本薪外，再給予全勤及績效獎金，包括料理廚師50K起、餐飲服務專員(含國際組)、收銀專員起薪41K起、料理助廚39.5K起、傳菜品檢員38K起、洗碗作業員37K起及餐飲整理員35K起、餐飲工讀生時薪最高215元起，歡迎懷抱餐飲興趣的社會新鮮人及轉行轉業的求職者前來面試。

陳信瑜提醒，前來應徵的民眾，若想為面試加分，請穿著正式服裝、注意儀容整齊、保持親切笑容，也請預先做好求職準備，只要到台北就業大補帖網站(www.okwork.taipei) 「招募活動『鼎泰豐擴大徵才活動』」下載履歷表並填妥列印，加速效率更順暢。

北市就服處補充說明，3月26日(星期六)也將在花博爭艷館舉辦「OKWORK•學而實習之」職場體驗實習X就業博覽會，共有251家廠商，提供上萬個工作機會，期盼在新一年職涯生活能大放異彩，歡迎有興趣的民眾前往應徵，更多活動詳情及徵才資訊請上網址 http://www.okwork.taipei，或電洽02-23380277、1999分機58988。

房市專題

▪系列一／今年房價為何漲超兇？這些家鄉已經漲到不認識 ▪系列二／房價天花板越來越高 想當六都人要往哪裡去？ ▪系列三／南北買房都辛苦 首購族究竟該從何處下手？

title: 北市府攜手鼎泰豐徵才 年後釋破百職缺月薪最高50K起


content_text: 提到藝人康康，許多人的印象都是諧星、搞笑藝人，跨足主持、歌手和演員，他的一首《兵變》唱出了許多男人的心聲，節目更是收視保證，事業得意情場同樣抱得美人歸的他，11年前迎娶小18歲的杭州姑娘張家霈，婚後不僅育有一對寶貝兒女，過去曾是「浪子」的康康，如今也成為愛家、愛妻的好男人代表！

title: 曾月砸百萬沉浸溫柔鄉，康康浪子回頭寵妻11年：收入全交給老婆，房子登記她名下 | 女人我最大


content_text:
上證綜合指數升穿3400點，較早時報3410點，升49點，升幅1.47%。（Shutterstock）滬深股市在農曆新年長假期後復市，在虎年首個交易日紅盤高開逾1%至逾2%。

上證綜合指數升穿3400點，較早時報3410點，升49點，升幅1.47%。

深證成份指數報13554點，升226點，升幅1.7%。創業板指數報2963點，升54點，升幅1.87%。

title: 內地股市虎年首交日紅盤高開逾1%至逾2%


content_text:
2022/02/07 05:30

〔記者魏瑾筠／桃園報導〕桃園市昨增七例本土武肺個案，均與亞旭電腦群聚案相關，且都是菲律賓籍女性移工，年齡廿至卅多歲。市長鄭文燦表示，新增個案都是在居家隔離期滿前採檢轉陽，多數無症狀，基本上都沒有社區足跡及風險，確定整體風險下降，市府後續會配合前進指揮所進行亞旭的收尾工作。

隔離期陰轉陽 多數無症狀針對日翊物流大溪倉群聚案，鄭文燦表示，市府採取兩種隔離措施，以確認社區沒有風險，其中，近距離接觸確診者的同一工作區員工及同住家人，共二六七人，需居家隔離十四天，今天安排二採。至於次風險區的工作人員，有九二○人需預防性隔離五天，昨天隔離期滿完成二採。他強調，該公司需達成多次採檢、環境清消及實地勘查等三條件，才能復工。

中小學11日如期開學鄭文燦說明，除了公私立幼兒園延至十四日開學，高中職以下的各級學校十一日如期開學，今天上午將在八所學校，為未預約接種第三劑疫苗的一萬六四一八名教職員工施打。

因應市府委外的資訊人員確診，市府大樓各單位人員今天開工前須完成第二次快篩，屬於第一線防疫人員則不論在何處上班，也都須於上班前完成快篩。

市府員工開工前須完成二篩春節過後，入境高峰即將結束，鄭文燦表示，已規劃一家桃園防疫旅館淨空一三○個房間，年後轉型成加強版防疫旅館，安排醫療團隊進駐，收治輕症患者，降低醫院負擔。

元宵節前大型活動停辦此外，全市重要的大型活動都停止到元宵節，並減少群聚、聚餐風險，其中桃園燈會因事前已布置完畢，會採取靜態展燈；楊梅提燈踩街停辦，改採靜態展燈；龍潭迎財神的動態活動則取消，並呼籲民眾仍須保持良好個人防護習慣，口罩戴好戴滿，保持適當社交距離，希望讓每個傳播鏈收斂，邁向清零。

另，桃園市政府新聞處昨公布五名確診者的八個足跡，其中有名確診者，曾於一月廿六日至廿九日間，搭乘中壢客運七○二號公車往返林口長庚醫院、大溪，還有確診者曾於一月卅日上午八點多至九點多在大溪區第一公有零售市場停留約半小時，曾出入相關場所者應進行自我健康監測。

taiwan-subdivisions: 桃園 林口 大溪 中壢 龍潭 楊梅

title: 桃園+7 亞旭群聚案準備收尾／日翊物流群聚案需經多次採檢、清消、實勘 才能復工


content_text:
PCB暨載板廠南電（8046）表示，將持續擴充高階IC載板產能，其中，樹林廠ABF載板第一期擴建預計2023年第1季投產。大陸昆山廠ABF載板第二期擴建將在2023年第1季投產；樹林廠ABF載板第二期擴建預計2024年第1季投產。

南電指出，今年除持續開發高階電腦、網通、AI及高效運算應用載板，台灣廠將優化先進製程，生產高層數、大尺寸及細線路產品。看好相關題材的投資人，可以適時布局個股的認購權證，建議優先選擇造市品質佳的發行券商，同時挑選價內外程度在20%以內、且距到期日兩個月以上之權證進行操作，如南電元大19購01（044478）、南電凱基17購04（060608）。（元大證券提供）

title: 全民權證／南電 挑逾兩個月


content_text:
To activate the text-to-speech service, please first agree to the privacy policy below.Taipei, Feb. 7 (CNA) Shares in Taiwan moved sharply higher, rising more than 200 points in the first trading session after the long Lunar New Year holiday on Monday, with buying sparked by a rally on the U.S. markets during the break, according to dealers.

Interest was concentrated in old economy stocks, in particular in the transportation sector, which had consolidated for some time, as well as in the raw material industry following rising product prices.

The bellwether electronics sector, meanwhile, underperformed compared to the broader market on the weakness of contract chipmakers.

The Taiex, the weighted index on the Taiwan Stock Exchange (TWSE), closed up 225.90 points, or 1.28 percent, at the day's high of 17,900.30, after coming off a low of 17,712.35. Turnover totaled NT$305.07 billion (US$10.96 billion).

The market opened up 0.43 percent and the momentum continued as investors were encouraged by a 2.7 percent increase on the Dow Jones Industrial Average and a 4.1 percent rise on the tech-heavy Nasdaq index during the Lunar New Year holiday, dealers said.

Contract chipmakers like Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. (TSMC) then lost their luster to cap the gains during the morning session but buying in shipping and steel stocks increased to offset the weaker semiconductor industry, helping the Taiex end at the day's high.

"The local main board was simply playing catch-up with its foreign counterparts after the long New Year holiday," Mega International Investment Services Corp. analyst Alex Huang said.

"But, the electronics sector lost a status as the mainstream sector as pure-play foundry operators such as TSMC moved in the doldrums for most of the session, leading the entire electronics sector to lag behind the Taiex," Huang said.

Huang said the selling in the upstream segment of the semiconductor industry came after GlobalWafers Co., the world's third-largest silicon wafer supplier, announced on Feb. 1 that it had failed to gain regulatory approval from the German government before a deadline to complete an acquisition of its German counterpart Siltronic AG.

TSMC, the most heavily weighted stock in the local market and the world's largest contract chipmaker, lost 0.16 percent to close at NT$635.00 after hitting a high of NT$644.00.

Due to a falling TSMC, the electronics sector rose only 0.48 percent with the semiconductor sub-index down 0.01 percent.

On the over-the-counter market, GlobalWafers plunged 6.61 percent to close at NT$199.00, and its parent company, Sino-American Silicon Products Inc., also shed 5.01 percent to close at NT$720.00.

Back to the main board, United Microelectronics Corp. (UMC), a smaller contract chipmaker, shed 4.89 percent to end at NT$54.50, and rival Powerchip Semiconductor Corp. lost 1.07 percent to close at NT$64.50.

"For UMC, the company remained bothered by an assessment made by the company (in late January) that it is possible for the mature 28 nanometer process to see an oversupply after 2023. Such a prediction continued to send ripples to the stock," Huang said.

Also in the electronics sector, smartphone chip designer MediaTek Inc. rose 2.33 percent to close at NT$1,100.00 after the company gave optimistic guidance in an investor conference held in late January, saying its sales were expected to grow more than 20 percent from a year earlier in 2022. In addition, iPhone assembler Hon Hai Precision Industry Co. rose 0.98 percent to end at NT$103.00.

"Fortunately, heavily weighted shipping stocks made a strong comeback today after their recent consolidation, which offset the impact from a lackluster tech sector," Huang said. "These major shipping stocks seemed to see selling largely absorbed, and technically speaking, today's gains could be the beginning of an uptrend."

The transportation sector, where such major shipping stocks are traded, soared 8.56 percent, with Evergreen Marine Corp., the largest container cargo shipper in Taiwan, jumping 10 percent, the maximum daily increase, to close at NT$124.00. Rivals Yang Ming Marine Transport Corp. and Wan Hai Lines Ltd. also surged by 10 percent to end at NT$108.00 and NT$162.00.

In the steel sector, which rose 3.54 percent on rising product prices, China Steel Corp., the largest steelmaker in Taiwan, rose 1.78 percent to close at NT$34.25, and Tung Ho Steel Enterprise Corp. gained 6.67 percent to end at NT$72.00.

The financial sector rode a wave of expectation that the U.S. Federal Reserve will soon kick off a rate-hike cycle, ending up 2.74 percent, Huang said. In the sector, Cathay Financial Holding Co. rose 3.79 percent to close at NT$65.70, Mega Financial Holding Co. gained 2.84 percent to end at NT$38.00, and Fubon Financial Holding Co. added 1.98 percent to close at NT$77.10.

"The local equity market is still dictated by the U.S. markets," Huang said. "Investors need to keep a close eye on the U.S. markets at a time when the Fed is tightening its monetary policy."

Despite the gains in the Taiex, foreign institutional investors sold a net NT$6.41 billion worth of shares on the main board Monday, according to the TWSE.

journalist: Frances Huang

title: Taiwan shares end sharply higher on U.S. rally - Focus Taiwan


content_text: Market Research.biz published a report titled Global Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Market research report which covers comprehensive data on emerging trends, market drivers, growth opportunities, and restraints that can change the market dynamics of the industry. It provides an in-depth analysis of the market segments which include products, applications, and competitor analysis. Click here to order a sample copy of the Global Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test market report:https://marketresearch.biz/report/antimicrobial-susceptibility-test-market/request-sample Global Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Market research report delivers a close watch on leading competitors with strategic analysis, micro and macro market trend and scenarios, pricing analysis and a holistic overview of the market situations in the forecast period. It is a professional and a detailed report focusing on primary and secondary drivers, market share, leading segments and geographical analysis. Further, key players, major collaborations, merger & acquisitions along with trending innovation and business policies are reviewed in the report. Some of the companies that are profiled in this report are: Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.Beckman Coulter Inc.(Subsidiary of Danaher Corporation)Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.BectonDickinson and CompanyCondaCreative DiagnosticsHiMedia LaboratoriesAlifax Holding S.p.A.Biotron Healthcare Key Benefits for Industry Participants & Stakeholders: Industry drivers, restraints, and opportunities covered in the study Neutral perspective on the market performance Recent industry trends and developments Competitive landscape & strategies of key players Potential & niche segments and regions exhibiting promising growth covered Historical, current, and projected market size, in terms of value In-depth analysis of the Global Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Market Global Global Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Market Report Segments: Global Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Market:Product Kits, Reagents & ConsumablesCulture MediaAutomated Test System Method Broth Dilution MethodRapid Automated MethodDisk Diffusion MethodGradient Diffusion MethodMolecular Testing Method Test Type AntibacterialAntifungalAntiparasitic Application Clinical DiagnosisDrug Discovery and DevelopmentOthers End-user Diagnostic Laboratories and HospitalsPharmaceutical and Biotechnology CompaniesResearch and Academic InstitutesContract Research Organizations You can ask questions about the study or express your concerns about it here: https://marketresearch.biz/report/antimicrobial-susceptibility-test-market/#inquiry Overview of the regional outlook of the Global Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Market: Based on region, the market is segmented into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America and Middle East & Africa (MEA). 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This helped us in building an understanding of the current market dynamics, supply-demand gap, pricing trends, product preferences, consumer patterns & so on. The findings were further validated through primary research with industry experts & opinion leaders across countries. The data is further compiled & validated through various market estimation & data validation methodologies. Further, we also have our in-house data forecasting model to predict market growth up to 2031. Click here for the full INDEX, including data, facts, figures, tables and more:https://marketresearch.biz/report/antimicrobial-susceptibility-test-market/#toc Reasons to Purchase the Global Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Market Report: The report includes a plethora of information such as market dynamics scenario and opportunities during the forecast period Segments and sub-segments include quantitative, qualitative, value (USD Million,) and volume (Units Million) data. Regional, sub-regional, and country level data includes the demand and supply forces along with their influence on the market. The competitive landscape comprises share of key players, new developments, and strategies in the last three years. Comprehensive companies offering products, relevant financial information, recent developments, SWOT analysis, and strategies by these players. 1. Anaesthesia and Respiratory Devices Market Depth Study, Analysis, Key Drivers, Top Players, Trends and Forecast 2031 2. Instant Cake Emulsifier Market CAGR, Volume and Value 2022-2031 3. Chemically Modified Woods Market Excellent Growth During 2021-2031 | Comprehensive Study by Market Expert Contact Us At MarketResearch.Biz (Powered By Prudour Pvt. Ltd.) 420 Lexington Avenue, Suite 300 New York, NY 10170, United States Website: https://marketresearch.biz Email ID:: inquiry@marketresearch.biz

title: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Market Trends 2022: In-Depth Analysis ofMarket Growth & Forecast Up To 2031


content_text:
環球晶併購德國世創(Siltronic)失利，雖然開紅盤前宣布新一輪擴產計畫，今(7)日股價跳空開低，以721元、下跌50元開出，跌幅6.4%，拖累矽晶圓族群一片臉綠，台勝科跌幅最重，一度大跌逾9%，來到256元。

環球晶早盤以721元開出後，一度下滑至712元，跌幅加重至7.6%，後跌幅稍有收斂，但仍有逾4%的跌幅；同為矽晶圓三雄的台勝科開盤即跌逾5%，開在267元，且跌幅加劇，早盤一度被打到跌停254元，合晶早盤也一度跌逾4%，股價下跌3.4元至73.4元。

另外，環球晶母公司中美晶股價也跌破200元大關，開低197元，早盤一度下探至193元，跌逾7%。

環球晶併購世創破局後，環球晶董事長徐秀蘭6日宣布新的擴產計畫，將在2022年至2024年達到總資本支出1000億元(約36億美元)，其中，20億美元將用於新廠建置，16億美元則以現有廠區的擴產為主，整體擴產計畫內容將包含12吋晶圓與磊晶、8吋與12吋SOI、8吋FZ、SiC晶圓、GaN on Si等產品。

《半導體》收購失利＋外資連9賣 環球晶狂殺7％

環球晶收購世創破局 專家：受保護主義崛起影響

journalist: 曹逸雯

title: 環球晶併購失利 開紅盤一度大跌7％ 矽晶圓族群臉綠


content_text:
美少女綜藝《我愛黑澀會》美眉出身的女星徐凱希，近年在演藝圈發展得不錯，也與圈外人男友穩定交往中，可謂愛情、事業兩得意，但其實能走到現在，也多虧她在愛情中的諸多「修練」，徐凱希日前在節目上聊最害怕收到的禮物種類，透露某任男友曾在她生日時送上兩份大禮，但她一拆開卻直接心寒，嘆：「沒有心是最不行的」。

徐凱希作客《女人我最大》，聊到禮物話題，她透露曾有一任男友，在她生日時準備了2份禮物，她原本還很開心，感動男友的用心，結果一打開，是一台相機跟一部做音樂的機器，她一點都不開心，因為那部相機她前2個月才買了一台，後者她完全沒機會使用，男友得知後，也沒反省，竟然說：「沒關係，不然妳就選一個，用不到的那個就給我，反正我都可以用」，讓徐凱希大傻眼，覺得男友之所以買這兩樣，根本都是為了自己。

眼見沒轉圜餘地，徐凱希勉強選了相機，因為做音樂的機器她真的不會用到，而隔天她得知更殘忍的訊息，當天剛好是男友的大嫂生日，她在臉書看慶生照片看到一半，赫然發現男友的大嫂收到一模一樣的相機禮物，才發現男方一開始就買了兩台一樣的，不禁心想：「所以我跟他大嫂是同樣地位？！」。

徐凱希透露，後來那台做音樂的機器，真的被男方拿回去自用，成了他做音樂的配備，讓她恍然大悟：他就是自己想要的！」，因此徹底心死，也頓悟送禮物真的要用心，收禮物的人都感覺得到，「不一定要送好的，但要看你平常有沒有在觀察我這個人」。

乾爹怒控抖內7位數遭騙財騙感情 正妹實況主強勢回應了

福原愛過年未返台探視2子女 合體陪練拍12秒親密片

張菲辣媳穿情趣款旗袍拜年 驚見性感丁字褲嚇壞老公

E級女神開工日泳衣深V到肚臍 胸口扣不住一個呼吸快炸開

journalist: 吳品瑤

title: 生日收男友2份大禮 女星一拆徹底心冷：沒有心最不行


content_text:
中國電商網購平台SHEIN快速崛起，成為中國第一個行銷全球的零售巨擘，卻也招致設計抄襲、紡織品供應商剝削勞工、職員工作環境惡劣等批評，以及商品品質不佳，用沒幾次就丟棄等環保與浪費問題。其他業者眼見SHEIN模式成功，紛紛仿效盼搶食市場大餅，但專家質疑，這是否真有符合消費者的需求。

許多設計師指責SHEIN剽竊他們的作品，牛仔服飾公司「Levi Strauss」和馬汀鞋（Dr. Martens）等品牌對SHEIN提起侵權控訴。

此外，SHEIN曾因銷售具有文化或歷史冒犯意義的商品而招致撻伐，其中最爭議的是德國納粹黨「卐」字黨徽項鍊。

社會運動人士、環保團體和媒體記者另找到證據，證明SHEIN的部分商品是由在惡劣工作環境下勞動的工人製造，挨批剝削勞工。

中國媒體「第六聲」（Sixth Tone）報導，SHEIN長期要求業者在短期內供應多樣化的商品，讓製造與生產的壓力落到中國服飾生產工人的身上，這群勞工在監管不周的廠房裡長時間輪班、加班趕工做衣服。

中國浙江省一家工廠的紡織機操作員透露，在中國的服裝業，「不可能朝九晚五，必然要加班，員工超時加班到非常緊繃的程度」。這名員工要求匿名，此人上班的工廠並未代工SHEIN的服飾，而是為在「全球速賣通」銷售的外國服飾品牌生產商品。

對於外界質疑合作製造商下游紡織廠員工的勞動環境，SHEIN透過電郵表示，公司「嚴正對待所有供應鏈事務，致力維護高勞動標準」，若發現供應商未能遵守其規範，會立即採取行動。

SHEIN同時與眾多廠家合作有個致命缺點，即類似商品層出不窮，加上部分供應商透過多重管道與平台銷售不同訂價的相同商品，導致買貴的消費者怨聲載道。消費者吃過虧後，透過評論、Reddit社群或臉書（Facebook）群組埋怨。

中國服飾行業遭質疑生產環境差、員工勞動強度大。(Getty Images)另有部分眼尖的消費者觀察發現，許多一線品牌推出新品後，中國網購平台很快就會跟著推出相似商品。部分網友會透過論壇或群組，分享哪個平台可以買到較便宜的類似商品，甚至是相似度極高、能以假亂真的A貨贗品。

Rest of World指出，論壇、討論區或群組是網購生態系自然衍生的結果，國際消費者或許認為，考量全球代工模式，大多數商品均為中國製造，而這些類似商品可能也來自相同工廠。不過，Rest of World透過五個不同平台購買相似商品發現，不同廠家的品質存在差異，顯然並非出自同一家工廠。

環保專家警告，部分快時尚產品的材質低劣甚至含有危險化學物質，往往只會被消費者穿著或使用一次，就淪落垃圾掩埋場或大海，造成環境污染與垃圾問題。

SHEIN模式儼然成為快時尚與網購的新典範，模仿業者如雨後春筍般出現。

阿里巴巴2021年10月在歐洲與北美地區推出快時尚購物平台「allyLikes」，盤算分食SHEIN的市場大餅；allyLikes仿照當初SHEIN學習淘寶的模式，宛如SHEIN的「鏡像」，只是allyLikes平台上的銷售商品數量相對少。

專門研究時尚產業電子商務零售數據的分析公司「StyleSage」營銷和數位戰略主任伊莉莎白‧肖伯特（Elizabeth Shobert）表示：「我們已經加入這場爭奪最便宜產品的戰爭，類似產品的數量也不斷增加。我一直在想，到底有完沒完，什麼時候才會結束呢？」

SHEIN的商品價格相當便宜，也遭詬病材質不佳，引發浪費與環保問題。(取自SHEIN網站)

references: 臉書 Facebook 網友

title: 抄襲、剝削、浪費…SHEIN崛起伴隨爭議


content_text:
Strong social networks have been shown to improve wellbeing, but what are the extra perks of having a really close friend? And why are women more likely to have one?

We met when we were five. I don’t know how I would have managed without her.” As children, Barbara Kastelein, from Ashford in Kent, and her best friend, nicknamed “Tulip,” both had alcoholic fathers. Their friendship was an escape from unhappy homes.

The best friends are now both 55 and their relationship is as solid as ever. Barbara says they are more like sisters — and still there for each other during tough times. When Barbara’s father died, Tulip drove for hours to be at the funeral and to help Barbara empty her father’s flat.

“I can’t imagine life without her,” says Barbara. “She is my guardian angel.”

But not all best friendships last. Minreet Kaur, 41, from Hayes, met her best friend when she landed her first job after university.

“I trusted her instantly, and she did me. We could talk about anything and always had each other’s back. She even supported me through my divorce. I couldn’t see life without her.”

As time went by, Minreet immersed herself in her career while her best friend settled down and had a family.

“We found we were leading different lives,” she says. “We don’t keep in touch. I’ve never had such a close friendship since. I miss her. Everyone needs a best friend.”

Some of us have a single best friendship that spans our lifetime. We call them on a whim, we trust them completely, they are there for us, and us for them, without question. They are more like family. But, for adults, making friends can be hard. Scientists say it can take more than 200 hours to become close enough to someone to share a real emotional connection. But what if we don’t have a best friend? If we flit in and out of friendships or have no close friends at all — should we be worried?

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF BEST FRIENDS

We gravitate towards people who are similar to ourselves. Homophily is the concept that similarity makes social connection easier. Now, research has shown that close friends resemble each other not just in manner and appearance, but physiologically too.

Scientists at the University of California scanned the brains of a group of students as they watched a series of short videos and found that those who were close showed incredibly similar neural responses. The areas of the brain that responded similarly included those associated with motivation, learning, processing, memory, empathy, and generally making sense of things. The findings suggest we choose friends who interpret and react to the world in a similar way to ourselves.

Anna Machin, author of Why We Love: The New Science Behind Our Closest Relationships, is an evolutionary anthropologist who specializes in dyadic relationships — the closeness between two people — whether that’s a parent and child, lovers or best friends.

“When we’re with someone we love, we experience a thing called biobehavioral synchrony,” she says.

She describes how, when two people are tightly bonded, they mirror each other’s behavior. They use the same gestures. They pick up the same tone of voice or use the same phraseology. Best friends’ physiology comes into synchrony too — the rhythm of their hearts, body temperature and hormonal responses. Look inside the brain and you’d see synchrony, says Machin, in the gamma waves — the higher cognitive functioning parts of the brain.

THE LONDON COMMUTER PROBLEM

So, are we hardwired to seek out a best-friend relationship? Robin Dunbar, emeritus professor of evolutionary psychology at Oxford University, studies the connection between behavior, cognition and neuroendocrinology — the brain’s regulation of hormonal activity in the body.

The maximum number of friendships humans are able to maintain, says Dunbar, is 150. “Dunbar’s number” harks back to the size of prehistoric hunter-gatherer communities but is also true of modern society. However, it’s not always plain sailing when you live in a large group. “Group living can be a major problem for mammals, especially primates. The bigger the group, the more stresses you suffer.”

Dunbar describes what he calls the “London commuter problem,” the pressure of living in cramped conditions with other people. It is your closest friends, he says, that make social living possible by keeping others at bay.

“Friendships vary in quality and make up a series of layers, or circles. You have an inner core of five and, within that, a layer of 1.5. These are your most intimate friends or your romantic partner. Your inner circle — and within that your best friend for ever — provides a hugely important buffer against the stresses of living in social groups.”

The reason the number of people in your innermost circle of friends is 1.5, explains Dunbar, is that for men it tends to be their romantic partner, whereas for women it’s their romantic partner plus a close (usually) female friend.

THE BEST ANTIDEPRESSANT

Dunbar describes the physical benefits of friendship — the calming effect you feel as endorphins are released on social interaction with your “bestie,” as well as the positive effects such close bonds have on the immune system.

“A connection of this kind is the best antidepressant you can get,” says Dunbar.

Close relationships have been shown to result in lifelong physical and mental health benefits. Research shows people with good social bonds are happier, live longer and have better reproductive health. They are less likely to suffer illness and recover more quickly. They can cope better with stress, and there is less risk of developing addictions or psychopathology.

A meta-study of 149 studies found that bonds with close friends could even be more important to your health than losing weight or exercising. In fact, according to a US survey of 20,000 people, not having close relationships can be as bad for your health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day.

A MECHANISM FOR SURVIVAL

“At the basic level, friends are a mechanism for survival,” says Machin, “but what’s really interesting about friendship, particularly female friendship, is how we often underestimate the importance of that friendship in our lives. We usually put romantic relationships at the top, then maybe your mum and dad, then friends are down here somewhere,” Machin gestures towards the floor, “but actually, for many women, the critical relationship in life is their best friend.”

Women, she says, are often more emotionally intimate with their best female friend than they are with their romantic partner. They share their deepest, darkest emotional fears and allow themselves to be more vulnerable in front of their best friend than when they are with their partner.

“Women get a really important input from their female friends in terms of their mental wellbeing. If we look at a man’s brain when he’s having deep and meaningful conversation with his closest friend, we see his amygdala — the brain’s fear and risk sensor — fire up, so he’s finding it quite uncomfortable.

“In a woman’s brain, a similar conversation with a best friend results in reward chemicals, an increase in oxytocin, a real sense of relaxation — it’s all amazing, it’s a really brilliant experience.”

FRIENDSHIPS VS ACQUAINTANCES

So if we don’t have a best friend, are we broken? “Absolutely not!” says Miriam Kirmayer, a clinical psychologist who specializes in friendship. “Each of our relationships help us meet our need to feel that sense of connection and belonging. This is true of our closest friendships, our acquaintanceships — even our moments of connection with strangers.”

Kirmayer says it’s not the label that’s important but that our friendships are reciprocal. Research suggests that up to half of our friendships are actually unreciprocated.

“When we feel chosen, that is, that the people we choose are choosing us in return, this is paramount. Healthy close friendships are based on balance and reciprocity.”

According to the brain opioid theory of social attachment, social interactions trigger positive emotions when endorphins bind to opioid receptors in the brain. This gives us that feelgood factor that we get from seeing our friends.

“Lots of people I’ve interviewed say they felt an absolute high after spending time with a best friend, which carried them through the whole of the next day,” says Machin.

Thinking about the neurochemistry explains how during lockdown many people were, in effect, suffering from withdrawal.

Technology has made it easier to connect with friends — and it has become the norm to publicize our friendships. There are currently almost 69 million Instagram posts tagged #bestfriends and the hashtag #IBF (Internet best friend) recently clocked more than 25 million views on TikTok.

But how does this modern manifestation of best-friendship interact with life offline? Social media interactions have been shown to increase closeness between friends who also interact offline, yet social media use has been shown to displace time spent on face-to-face interactions.

“You can maintain real friendships online. Social media simply provides a medium of communication,” says Dunbar. “However, [communicating online] is not as gratifying as face-to-face. It only slows the rate of decay of relationships. It won’t stop them decaying eventually.”

Machin adds: “It is much harder to maintain relationships online because of the reduction — if not complete lack — of neurochemical release. And there is certainly no biobehavioral synchrony.”

ABSOLUTE PROFOUND LOVE

When it comes to the complexity of social bonding, nothing compares to human friendship — and your best friend is the most important of all. “Friendship infiltrates every aspect of our lives, every aspect of our physiology,” says Machin. “It’s astonishing how complicated it is.”

At its most basic level, says Machin, friendship is biological bribery. It’s a set of neurochemicals that motivate and reward you for forming and maintaining relationships. It’s a mechanism that has evolved to make sure that you invest in the relationships that are critical to your survival and the survival of the species.

It’s through biobehavioral synchrony that we feel that profound connection. We see this in romantic relationships, we see it in relationships between parents and children, and we see it in best friends. While we often look for desirable practical qualities in a romantic partner — would they be a good parent to my children? Do we share similar goals in life? — our priorities for a best friend differ.

“In best friendships, we know that the parties are more relaxed, more open with each other,” says Machin, “because they are not always having to remain attractive for their partner.” A best friendship is all about shared humour, values and support. You can live on opposite sides of the Earth and still feel that closeness with your one special friend.

“It’s as if every sinew in your body is engaged in having a relationship with that person,” says Machin. “That for me sums up how important best friends are. Evolution has seen fit to engage every mechanism in your body — the behavioral, the physiological, the neurological — to make sure that you’re as tightly bonded to this person as you possibly can be. We wouldn’t have evolved this way if those relationships weren’t critical for survival.”

title: Darling buds: how best friends keep us healthy and happy


content_text: FILE - Spotify founder and CEO Daniel Ek poses for a photo in Stockholm, Sweden on June 18, 2009. Ek wrote in a note to employees Sunday, Feb. 6, 2022... FILE - Spotify founder and CEO Daniel Ek poses for a photo in Stockholm, Sweden on June 18, 2009. Ek wrote in a note to employees Sunday, Feb. 6, 2022, that while he condemned podcaster Joe Rogan's use of racist language, he did not believe that cutting ties with the popular personality was the answer. Ek's message came a day after Rogan apologized for using racist slurs on his podcast and removed several episodes from Spotify. (Janerik Henriksson, TT News Agency, File) FILE - UFC announcer and podcaster Joe Rogan speaks at the weigh in before a UFC on FOX 5 event in Seattle, on Dec. 7, 2012. Spotify's CEO Daniel Ek w... FILE - UFC announcer and podcaster Joe Rogan speaks at the weigh in before a UFC on FOX 5 event in Seattle, on Dec. 7, 2012. Spotify's CEO Daniel Ek wrote in a note to employees Sunday, Feb. 6, 2022, that while he condemned Rogan's use of racist language, he did not believe that cutting ties with the popular personality was the answer. Ek's message came a day after Rogan apologized for using racist slurs on his podcast and removed several episodes from Spotify. (AP Photo/Gregory Payan, File) FILE - In this May 25, 2019, photo, Neil Young performs at the BottleRock Napa Valley Music Festival at Napa Valley Expo in Napa, Calif. Following pro... FILE - In this May 25, 2019, photo, Neil Young performs at the BottleRock Napa Valley Music Festival at Napa Valley Expo in Napa, Calif. Following protests of Spotify kicked off by Young over the spread of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation, the music streaming service said Sunday, Jan. 30, 2022, that it will add content advisories before podcasts discussing the virus. The singer on Wednesday, Jan. 26, had his music removed from Spotify after the tech giant declined to remove episodes of “The Joe Rogan Experience,” which has been criticized for spreading virus misinformation. (Photo by Amy Harris/Invision/AP, File) This combination photo shows Neil Young in Calabasas, Calif., on May 18, 2016, left, and UFC announcer and podcaster Joe Rogan before a UFC on FOX 5 e... This combination photo shows Neil Young in Calabasas, Calif., on May 18, 2016, left, and UFC announcer and podcaster Joe Rogan before a UFC on FOX 5 event in Seattle, Dec. 7, 2012. Spotify said Sunday, Jan. 30, 2022, that it will add content advisories before podcasts discussing the coronavirus. The move follows protests of the music streaming service that were kicked off by Young over the spread of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation. On Wednesday, Young had his music removed from Spotify after the tech giant declined to remove episodes of “The Joe Rogan Experience,” which has been criticized for spreading virus misinformation. (AP Photo) Joe Rogan’s mouth has put Spotify in a tough spot, but the streaming giant is apparently not ready to part ways with the popular podcast host despite intense criticism over his anti-coronavirus vaccine comments and racial slurs. Spotify CEO Daniel Ek said in a message to employees released Sunday that the company would not part ways with Rogan. “While I strongly condemn what Joe has said and I agree with his decision to remove past episodes from our platform, I realize some will want more,” Ek said in the note. “And I want to make one point very clear – I do not believe that silencing Joe is the answer.” The letter is the clearest indication yet of where Spotify stands on Rogan’s fate with the company. It reportedly paid $100 million to exclusively host the podcast, so dropping Rogan threatens the bottom line but is also a key part of the company’s strategy to be a one-stop shop for audio. “We should have clear lines around content and take action when they are crossed, but canceling voices is a slippery slope. Looking at the issue more broadly, it’s critical thinking and open debate that powers real and necessary progress,” Ek wrote. He said he was “deeply sorry” for the impact the controversy was having on Spotify’s workforce. Whether Spotify continues to keep Rogan or cuts ties, the decision likely won’t sit well with one side or the other in an increasingly polarized country. On race, the choice is between keeping Rogan and sending a message that society has become too “woke” or showing that Spotify is more attuned to a multiracial society, said Adia Harvey Wingfield, a sociology professor at Washington University in St. Louis. “If Spotify says ‘We can’t drop him. He has the right to say what he wants,’ that continues on the line where there is this implicit support to say racist things on these platforms,” she said in an interview before Ek’s letter. The streaming site also has to decide whether offensive words are allowable elsewhere on its app, where songs with racist, homophobic and anti-immigrant messages are available, said John Wihbey, a Northeastern University professor and specialist in emerging technologies. “There’s some real self-examination to be doing beyond Joe,” Wihbey said. “This is a big moment of reckoning for entertainment and streaming platforms to see where the window is, what’s over the line.” The bottom-line question should be pretty simple for Spotify, said Erik Gordon, a University of Michigan business and law professor. The conservative Rogan stands in contrast to the much more liberal musicians who generate the bulk of Spotify’s profits, he said. “They can’t blow off the artists. The artists make Spotify,” Gordon said. “They need to settle up with Rogan, let him go to a home that will be consistent with who he is. And everybody will be better off.” Having Rogan on Spotify is like having a political party with Donald Trump as the presidential candidate and liberal Elizabeth Warren as vice president. “It isn’t going to work,” Gordon said. Spotify reports having 406 million active monthly users, up nearly 20% from last year, and advertising has grown largely because of podcasting. The company had 31% of the 524 million music streaming subscriptions worldwide in the second quarter of 2021, more than double that of second-place Apple Music, according to Midia Research. Rogan’s public troubles started on Jan. 24 when musician Neil Young asked to have his music removed because of concerns that Rogan was promoting skepticism about the COVID-19 vaccines. Other artists followed suit, including Joni Mitchell and Roxane Gay. The scrutiny only intensified when a video compilation emerged last week showing Rogan repeatedly using racial slurs. Grammy-winning artist India.Arie posted it on her Instagram, using the hashtag #DeleteSpotify. Spotify said previously that it would soon add a warning to all podcasts that discuss COVID-19, directing listeners to factual, up-to-date information from scientists and public health experts. “They take this money that’s built from streaming, and they pay this guy $100 million, but they pay us like .003% of a penny,” Arie wrote. “I don’t want to generate money that pays that.” Rogan apologized Saturday, saying that the slurs were the “most regretful and shameful thing” he has ever had to address and that he hasn’t used the N-word in years. Ek told The Wall Street Journal last week that he took responsibility for being “too slow to respond” to the criticism over vaccine misinformation. It took the company five days to respond publicly to Young. “It’s become clear to me that we have an obligation to do more to provide balance and access to widely accepted information from the medical and scientific communities guiding us through this unprecedented time,” Ek continued in a statement. Rogan is an odd mix of shock-jock and host who leads discussions of public policy, arts and culture, Wihbey said, describing his brand as conservative “bro America.” His comments were clearly racist, Wihbey said, but he hopes that Rogan will see this as a chance to substantively discuss race and vaccine issues in future episodes. His audience may not hear the discussions otherwise, Wihbey said. “I do think that assembling this kind of audience is important,” he said. “He can say things that I think can move the needle.” Wingfield said the controversy could be positive if it starts a shift to discussions of racial stereotypes. “I think that if Joe Rogan kind of learns from this experience and becomes a driving voice for that conversation, that could be really valuable,” she said. “But I want to stress again that that’s a pretty big if, and I don’t know if it will come to that.” Spotify Technology's share price fell 0.5% early Monday in after hours trading. It jumped 9.2% on Friday.

journalist: By TOM KRISHER and LINDSEY BAHR , Associated Press, Associated Press

title: Spotify CEO to employees: Canceling Rogan not 'the answer'


content_text:
娛樂中心／綜合報導

過年期間拿到紅包，不少人都會買彩券試手氣，如果中獎更能為開春討個好彩頭，但是能夠中獎的人卻少之又少。心理學家表示有四個特徵會影響你能不能與幸運為臨，包括懂得創造機運、聽從幸運的第六感、期望好運降臨與將厄運轉變為好運。

▲過年期間不少民眾都會去彩券行試手氣。（圖／記者林悅翻攝／資料照片）

據英國賀福郡大學（University of Hertfordshire）任教的韋斯曼博士研究，幸運的人應該要有以下四個態度。最重要的就是第一點「懂得創造機運」，壞運的人經常只進行例行公事，而且只聚焦在結果不在意過程，因此會高度專注在執行事務而忽略其他可能性，失去了將任何事轉變成好事的機會，所以經常中獎的秘訣，就是大量參加抽獎。

韋斯曼博士提出獲得幸運的方法二是「聽從幸運的第六感」，相信直覺，並透過冥想或其他的方法加強直覺。方法三則是「期望好運降臨」，即使成功機會渺茫，也會試著達成目標。最後一點就是要「將厄運轉變為好運」，運氣差的人藉由迷信的偏方消災解厄，運氣好的人則會用創新角度解決問題，為的就是要避免厄運再發生。博士針對數百人，進行長達8年的心理學實驗，參加的志願者實際運用一個月後，運氣居然平均提升了40％，所以快點打開星光雲APP幫自己製造得獎機會，抽到iPhone13或是一年份的衛生棉幸運兒就是你！

>>>>>快點我下載星光雲App抽獎去<<<<<

1/24起只要至星光雲APP活動專區登入簽到並參加活動，就可獲得一次抽獎機會。推薦朋友參加並請朋友填寫推薦人資訊，您與被推薦人還可再加獲抽獎機會，推薦越多人得獎機會越大。天天登入天天抽，一年份好運天天有，快揪朋友一起來抽大獎。每天都有總價值4,644元一年份衛生棉，中獎馬上省一年開銷！週週再加碼抽iPhone 13，總計1,124份，中獎率超高!千萬不能錯過這個開運招財的好機會! 讓你新的一年能「福虎添翼，好運到」。

現在就下載星光雲App參加活動抽獎去！！

【活動說明】

活動名稱：福虎添翼 好運到活動期間：2022/1/24中午12:00至2022/2/21 中午11:59止，以台灣時間為基準。

天天抽：每日中午從前一日參加者抽出得獎名單並公告。舉例說明：從1/24 中午12：00~1/25 中午11：59參加者抽出得獎者 並於1/25下午15：00公告。

週週抽：參加活動者皆有抽獎資格，每間隔7天就抽出！詳細抽獎資格統計區間與得獎公告日期如下表。舉例說明：從1/24中午12：00~1/30中午11：59參加者抽出得獎者 並於1/31下午15：00公告。

活動方式：進入星光雲App，點選左上角摺疊選單入口（三條橫線），即可展開側欄；立馬進入「福虎添翼 好運到」活動專區，登入會員或留填正確資料。

【獎品說明】

天天抽當日活動時間內登入，即可獲得一次抽獎機會。推薦朋友參加並請朋友填寫推薦人資訊，您與被推薦人還可再加獲抽獎機會，推薦越多人得獎機會越大。1.抽「衛生棉一年份」，1名。2.抽「三包好體驗」，5名。3.抽「二包好安心」，20名。

週週抽「iPhone13」超級幸運星，1名。「衛生棉一年份」，5名。「三包好體驗」，30名。「二包好安心」，20名。

【三步驟準備被呵護】

◎步驟1：下載《ETtoday星光雲》App （點我下載）。

◎步驟2：

開啟《ETtoday星光雲》App，點選左上角摺疊選單入口（三條橫線），即可展開側欄；立馬進入「福虎添翼 好運到」，活動專區，登入會員或留填正確資料。

◎步驟3：請務必正確及填妥資訊，如填寫格式或資訊錯誤，視同放棄得獎資格喔！

【注意事項】

※得獎人會收到Email得獎通知，請務必填寫正確資訊，如因填寫資料格式有誤或是不正確，視同放棄得獎資格，不再另行通知，敬請見諒。※衛生棉以及iPhone13獎項之得獎者，將由出貨廠商東森購物網與您聯繫，得獎者需填寫出貨廠商所提供之相關兌獎資料，始能完成兌獎。※若涉及蓄意操作之不正當行為，舞弊之方式參與本活動之情形，主辦單位得基於維護本活動之公平性以及其他活動參與者之權益取消活動參與者參加資格並追回相關獎項以及請求賠償。均視為無效中獎，主辦單位保留法律追訴權。※主辦單位保留隨時修改、變更或中止活動辦法及變更獎項的自主權，且毋需做事前通知。 若有其他未盡事宜，悉依主辦單位相關規定或解釋。※若有任何問題，可E-mail至星光雲活動小組信箱star_events@ettoday.net，我們將盡速為您解答喔~

countries: 英國 台灣

title: 中獎人永遠不是你？　心理學家教4方法提升40%好運


content_text:
「2022台灣燈會」將分別在高雄愛河灣及衛武營展區盛大登場，為了讓民眾搶先感受高雄光影新風貌及都會魅力，交通部觀光局特別推出線上活動「喔熊出任務─賞燈虎氣La」，邀請民眾一同來賞燈拍照，線上領紅包。

觀光局局長張錫聰表示，「台灣燈會」睽違20年再度來到高雄舉辦，首創愛河灣及衛武營雙主場，是歷年來場域面積最大的一場燈會。以高雄地標「衛武營國家藝術文化中心」、「高雄流行音樂中心」串聯駁二藝術特區、大港橋、棧貳庫等港區景點，璀璨光影，點亮南台灣的港都夜曲。

今年觀光局在衛武營都會公園的「中央燈區」，匯集台灣製燈老匠人，以傳統花燈結合科技互動、跨界藝術，全新打造，並分為鳳彩飛舞主燈、藝湛人燈區、自由風燈區、生態圈燈區、同樂匯燈區及未來遊燈區等六大燈區，將呈現出不同以往的視覺饗宴，歡迎民眾來高雄賞燈，還可參加線上活動搖紅包、抽好禮。

觀光局指出，2022台灣燈會在高雄舉辦，吸引國際旅客和台灣旅客認識「高雄」的觀光景點，因此，搭配高雄首波2月1日開始的展燈，推出第一波線上活動「「喔熊出任務-探福高雄抽好禮」，即日起至2月28日上傳高雄「美食、住宿、旅遊(包括台灣燈會)、購物、交通」等主題分類照片至活動網頁，將高雄最好吃、最好玩、最好拍等旅遊資訊與大家分享，就有機會抽中福容大飯店聯合住宿券、超商禮券1,000元/500元和2022限量喔熊福袋等眾多好禮，每人最多上傳五張照片，上傳越多、中獎機率越高。

衛武營展區「中央燈區」傳承30年的台灣燈會節慶儀典，將於2月15日元宵節當日舉辦開幕儀式，第二波線下活動「喔熊出任務─台灣燈會打卡搖紅包」也同步啟動，透過手機拍攝衛武營展區六大燈區照片，上傳至活動網頁，即可搖動手機領取線上紅包，集滿3張照片可領取乙次，集滿六張照片，即可參與第二次搖紅包機會！獎項包括Line Pionts 1,000點、500點、100點等共兩千多個獎，以及虎年小提燈「大吉虎」、2022年觀光局筆記本等豐富獎項。

喔熊出任務 賞燈虎氣La，活動網址：https://twlantern2022.com2022台灣燈會，官方網站：https://tw-light.tw/

title: 來台灣燈會賞燈打卡搖紅包 抽千元好禮及虎年小提燈


content_text:
首頁 中文稿    Merged Finsbury Glover Hering and Sard Verbinnen Rank #1 Globally in 2021 M&A Deal Count and Value (中央社訊息服務20220207 09:41:15)NEW YORK -- (BUSINESS WIRE) -- Finsbury Glover Hering and Sard Verbinnen & Co. (“FGH and SVC” or the “Company”), which recently combined to create the world’s leading strategic communications firm, announced today that based on data collected and tabulated by Mergermarket, a leading independent provider of M&A data and intelligence, the combined firm ranks #1 in both Global M&A Deal Count and Global Deal Value for 2021.

According to Mergermarket’s 2021 PR Advisors database, FGH and SVC completed 321 transactions globally with a total transaction value of approximately $560 billion in 20211. FGH and SVC were leaders in a wide variety of transactions – from cross border mergers to spin-offs, SPACs and take-privates – ranging in value from $100 million to over $20 billion.

Alex Geiser, Global CEO, said: “Our standing as the global leader in M&A demonstrates the enormous value that the combined company brings to bear for our clients – and is a fantastic achievement for our colleagues across our offices. We are proud of our ability to serve our clients on transformational deals across the world’s major markets and look forward to achieving even more for them as the world’s leading strategic communications firm.”

SVC Co-Founders George Sard and Paul Verbinnen added: “Since we founded SVC nearly 30 years ago, M&A has always been a mainstay of our company. With M&A at our core, we have continued to innovate and expand our capabilities to set the standard of best practices in strategic communications across all mission-critical moments for our clients. Together with FGH, we are excited to bring an even stronger global platform, unique insights, perspectives and expertise to support our clients around the world.”

Finsbury Glover Hering and Sard Verbinnen & Co. completed their merger in December 2021 and plan to launch with a new name and brand later this quarter.

The Company is a leader in all aspects of strategic communications, including government affairs, corporate reputation, crisis management and transformation and change, as well as the leading force in financial communications worldwide, with over 1,000 communications professionals. The Company serves its global client base from 25 offices worldwide, including in Abu Dhabi, Beijing, Berlin, Boston, Brussels, Chicago, Dubai, Dublin, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Houston, London, Los Angeles, Munich, New York, Paris, Riyadh, San Francisco, Shanghai, Singapore, South Florida, Tokyo, Washington D.C. and Zurich.

For more information visit www.fgh.com and www.sardverb.com. _____________________ 1 The data and rankings were obtained from Mergermarket’s online database as of January 31, 2022.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220203005344/en/

CONTACT: PRESS Dorothy Burwell dorothy@fgh.com +44 7733 294 930 Anna Cordasco / Devin Broda Cordasco@sardverb.com / dbroda@sardverb.com +1 212 687 8080

journalist: 中央社訊息平台

title: Merged Finsbury Glover Hering and Sard Verbinnen Rank #1 Globally in 2021 M&A Deal Count and Value | 中央社訊息平台


content_text:
記者蔡維歆／台北報導

▲王品澔二度拿下MVP獎。(圖/翻攝YT)

《全明星運動會3》今晚播出最新一集，進行飛盤、鉛球和跳遠三項比賽，結果藍隊贏得前兩項比賽，目前整體成績領先紅隊，而《天之驕女》鮮肉演員王品澔則二度奪下MVP獎，打敗同時入圍的紅隊隊員胡祖薇以及王庭勻，原因是頒獎的大來賓認為王品澔在跳遠跟鉛球比賽都表現非常出色。

▲胡祖薇跳遠創下4米44的驚人成績。（圖／翻攝ig）

另外胡祖薇跳遠部分則創下4米44的驚人成績，打破大會有史以來最高紀錄，在飛盤表現部分也讓人驚豔。之前一直還沒讓大家看到實力的王庭勻在這次節目也讓大家刮目相看，不論是飛盤跟鉛球都表現十分平均。

而藍隊原本在節目初期落後紅隊，但最近成績不但已經趕上紅隊，甚至現在還是領先狀態，兩隊戰況接下來將會愈來愈激烈，也讓粉絲更加期待。

▲王庭勻在今晚節目中表現優異。（圖／翻攝ig）

journalist: 蔡維歆

title: 超狂再打敗紅隊！《全明星3》王品澔二度勇奪MVP獎 | 娛樂星聞


content_text:
指揮中心今天宣布原訂於2月14日截止的春節檢疫專案，延長至2月28日。但這是否意味著之後入境者會常態化縮短檢疫天數？指揮官陳時中表示，近期社會賢達有很多意見，國外也有很多國家縮短隔離天數或解封，包括丹麥、英國、美國等，將觀察國外實行政策的成效，擬定最適合台灣的方案。

而針對邊境開放預估的啟動時間以及是否針對商務客優先，陳時中表示，「最早就是228以後」，深切了解民眾對於開放既期待又怕受傷害，怎樣做最好規畫，指揮中心會持續跟專家討論，「要做出台灣模式，安心、兼顧經濟、兼顧疫情，選一條自己的路做到最好」。

對於是否逐步開放國外旅遊，避免觀光業繼續苦撐。陳時中說，確實知道業者壓力很大，但還沒思考到旅遊部分。整體而言，仍會先從商務開放，「旅遊大家也多忍忍」。

他進一步表示，發展國內旅遊總是聊勝於無，認識台灣多一點也是好事情。「讓商務優先，因為商務客如果沒有來，可能這筆生意就沒了，生意沒了不是只有今年，可能明年、後年都很難爭取回來；遊客今年沒來，明年更可能會來，比較不會跑走」。台灣貿易立國，旅遊業就先抱歉，一起努力盡快解封再說。

至於2月28日後是否可能降級，陳時中表示，這次二級警戒延長至2月28日，就是希望多觀察，畢竟到目前為止，台灣在過年期間疫情沒有突然爆發，不過韓國從年前不到一萬例，到現在三萬八千例，病例成長很快，因此不得不小心觀察，有轉變會再對外說明。

針對專家認為年後兩周才是關鍵，陳時中也表示，過去兩周都守住了，會繼續努力把成果保持下來。Omicron傳播快、潛伏期短，雖然快速傳染是其威力所在，但也可快速偵測圍堵。

而因應開工，許多企業要求員工快篩陰性後才可上班。陳時中表示，去年底就鼓勵企業自主快篩，Omicron傳播快速，自主檢查對及早發現疫情有幫助。

目前快篩偽陽性比例已經很低，自主快篩不會耗費太多醫療量能，驗出陽性就PCR複驗，經過濾後效率更快；較為擔心的是快篩偽陰性，這幾天看到有些公司自己做家用快篩，有人幫忙看做法是否正確，若操作正確，準確性好很多。

陳時中也稱讚台中市長盧秀燕，在新聞上示範如何正確操作快篩可避免偽陰性，「防疫由個人做起、防疫人人有則，對防堵快速傳播的Omicon很有幫助」。

疫情快報

▪【疫情專題】2月7日增2例本土、47例境外 無個案死亡 ▪【整理包】第3劑怎麼選？一圖看懂各劑種組合效能、副作用強度 ▪【QA整理包】超實用日期對照表 一張圖秒看懂何時能打第三劑 ▪【教學文】一掃便知！數位新冠健康證明、台北通疫苗護照 操作流程看過來

countries: 丹麥 韓國 台灣 英國 美國

events: 死亡 疫情

people: 陳時中 盧秀燕

things: 經濟 防疫

title: 向旅遊業抱歉 陳時中：遊客今年沒來明年會來


content_text:
韓國發生的總統樸正熙遇刺事件讓蔣經國心驚肉跳，獨裁者之間聲氣相通，蔣經國早已意識到「朴之處境甚為危難，不亞於我，錯不得，亂不得也」。（圖片摘自維基百科）

美麗島事件當天，警察和憲兵確實沒有開槍殺人，但這並非因為蔣經國仁慈，而是他害怕激發民間更大的反抗以及招來美國的制裁。

韓國發生的總統樸正熙遇刺事件讓蔣經國心驚肉跳，獨裁者之間聲氣相通，蔣經國早已意識到「朴之處境甚為危難，不亞於我，錯不得，亂不得也」，「其處境之痛苦，余自問知之至深」，「朴有如此眾多親信和嚴密的黨和情報組織，對於如此重大預謀之事，竟無以人預告密報，這是不可想像之事，值得吾人警惕」。 註更多黃清龍：《蔣經國日記揭秘》，頁78-80。蔣經國從樸正熙的慘死中得出的教訓，不是放棄獨裁統治，而是強化獨裁統治。他不認為獨裁者被暗殺是獨裁機制本身的惡果，反而認為這是獨裁者不夠獨裁。因此，蔣經國反觀台灣島內的形勢，對反對者磨刀霍霍。

在美麗島事發之後數日，蔣經國在日記中寫道：「反動派所謂美麗島暴徒在高雄暴動，企圖火燒高雄，當時情況非常嚴重。情勢平靜之後，我即下令將全部禍首拘捕，暫作處理。一網打盡之後，再做斬草除根之事，為黨國利益不得不下此決心。」又記：「一年已過，中美之斷交，共匪之統一和謠，國際油價暴漲，不法分子之不斷發起暴行，以至高雄暴亂，這是多麼痛苦的一年，有深思之必要。」十二月三十日又寫道：「近月以內憂外患交迫，而且內政甚於外者，在政治方面，我總是想以理與德而感化之，根本不記仇懷恨以待人，但是結果無不失敗。人性為何如此不如人意也！」 註更多黃清龍：《蔣經國日記揭秘》，頁120-122。字裡行間，顯示蔣經國是一個自以為是的儒教帝王：對的永遠是自己，錯的永遠是別人；只有別人對不起他，他對別人毫無虧欠。每當其臆想的仁政、以德治國想法受挫時，立即轉向亂世用重典的法家，要用殺人來立威了。

為蔣經國寫傳記的美國前外交官陶涵，一九九六年五月二十四日採訪國民黨中常委余紀忠時，余紀忠告知，當時軍事法庭原本打算將施明德處以死刑，可是蔣經國傳話，不得有任何人遭處死，只要他在位擔任總統，他「不允許台灣島上有流血」。但是，這個細節只是孤證，沒有任何文字記錄顯示蔣經國說過這句話。 註更多 陶涵寫作《蔣經國傳》是受前美國在台協會理事主席、後來任蔣經國基金會顧問的丁大衛之邀，但後者為了避免這本書被視為官方斥資贊助的傳記，即所謂的「授權的」傳記，其客觀性和可信度均將大打折扣，所以蔣經國基金會在此事中迴避，改由余紀忠主持的《中國時報》出面贊助——表面上有了區隔，但實質上是一樣的。所以，這本傳記有明顯的傾向性，百般掩飾蔣經國在白色恐怖、美麗島事件等一系列人權慘劇中的直接責任，將其塑造成台灣的民主之父。但實際上，蔣經國雖然在口頭上常常提及民主，但心中從來沒有真正認同民主理念。正如學者張旭成所說，儘管外間都認為蔣經國是台灣民主化的奠基人和催生者，但蔣經國並非西方人心目中的民主人士，甚至在其身邊工作或被他質詢過的受美國教育的學者們，對蔣的民主素養與認識，也不曾發生作用。見傅建中<《蔣經國傳》的由來>，見陶涵：《蔣經國傳》之序言。美麗島事件中的大逮捕、大審判和對被捕者普遍施加的酷刑折磨，都不足以支持蔣經國傳記作者茅家琦所說的「在處理中壢事件和美麗島事件兩個問題上，蔣經國的方針都與五○年代以來慣用的方針不同，懷柔與高壓相結合代替了嚴厲鎮壓」。 註更多茅家琦：《蔣經國的一生和他的思想演變》，頁347。

反倒是有更多確鑿證據顯示，蔣經國和國民黨死硬派早有殺人之心，軍法審判的目的就是要判處重刑乃至死刑——否則，何必用軍法審判呢？

蔣經國想殺人，而最後沒有殺人，是因為國際社會的巨大壓力。一方面是公開的抗議譴責，另一方面是私下的交易談判。檯面下交易對口是華府，唯有華府才能左右蔣經國；而華府肯不肯救援，又取決於檯面上的輿論力量大不大、能不能施壓。當時，美國國會議員反應強烈，不在話下。美國國務院高級官員至少三次發表意見或評論。助理國務卿郝爾布魯克（Richard Holbrooke）私下要求國府對美麗島案公開審判，不要以叛亂罪定罪。美國更派遣在台協會理事主席丁大衛由華府前往台北拜會蔣經國，強調嚴懲人犯會傷害台灣在美國的聲譽，使得今後要重建兩國斷交後之互信，更困難。丁大衛建議若，如果國府解除戒嚴，捨棄軍事法庭審判，改以一般法庭審判，允許黨外人士表達異議，他們將在美國和其他國家，得到更多的支持。 註更多李潔明（James Lilley）：《李潔明回憶錄：美、中、台三角關係大揭密》，（台北）時報文化，2003年版，頁246。蔣經國接受了一半，公開審理，但仍以軍事法庭和叛亂罪審理。

最後，美方使出殺手锏——以軍售換人命。事件後三十年，二○○九年二月，已是高雄市長的陳菊出訪華府，與老友、前國務院中華民國科科長費浩偉見面。費浩偉證實，當年華府以對台軍售為籌碼，換取陳菊等人免於死刑。所謂「陳菊等人」，就是遭軍法審判的八名被告，按《懲治叛亂條例》第二條第一項起訴，是唯一死刑的罪名。 註更多胡慧玲：《民主的浪潮·百年求索（卷三）》，頁172。

蔣經國不得不接受公開審判和沒有死刑的結果，他沒有辦法公開與美國對抗，也害怕激發出本土民眾「民不畏死，奈何以死懼之」的反抗意志。但他事後將「窩囊氣」發在黨內溫和派身上。他認為，受刑人在公開審判期間肆意宣揚台獨立場，這些觀點被國際媒體廣為報道，政府也「破天荒」允許國內報紙刊載審訊過程與被告陳辭，結果對國民黨造成嚴重傷害。他召見推動公開審判的改革派代表、中央文工會主任楚崧秋，一方面假惺惺地對審判結果表示滿意，另一方面又說黨內對楚崧秋批評之聲日盛，然後告知：「或許你該換換工作了。」隨即，楚被降職為中國電視公司董事長。 註更多陶涵：《蔣經國傳》，頁395-396。

楚崧秋後來回憶，他遭到貶職是因為他主張公開審理美麗島案，被國民黨頑固派認為是幫助黨外人士擴散「精神污染」——這個用詞跟鄧小平的「清除精神污染」如出一轍，可見兩黨的意識形態都有揮之不去的蘇聯氣味。而王昇在日記中也指出：「自高雄暴力事件公開審判後，遺下十分嚴重政治污染。昨天早上在匆忙中趕寫一件報告，請蔣秘書長（蔣彥士）轉呈主席（蔣經國）如何採取一系列行動，希望在思想戰場上能掃除思想上一切污染。」 註更多陳翠蓮：<王昇與「劉少康辦公室」：1980年代台灣威權體制末期與權力震蕩>，（台北）國史館館刊，第六十九期（2021年9月）。

被逮捕偵訊的美麗島人士，大都遭受了慘無人道的刑求。紀萬生在警總保安處的地下室刑求九天八夜，坐「老虎凳」痛至昏厥，「往往一場偵訊結案，他們的手上早已血淋淋，為了加重對我的羞辱，他們就在我身上穿的衣服揩拭他們的血手」，「有一種叫『蒙古烤肉』，就是用香菸燒我的臉頰。他們也會從我的鼻孔灌辣椒水，更喜歡拿乒乓球塞我嘴巴」。醫官見其傷勢嚴重，勸特務說：「不能再打了。」特務說：「刑求是我們的看家本領，不打，怎麼行？」不准醫官療傷。邱奕彬被逼誣陷康寧祥等人，他拒絕出賣，咬舌自盡。特務用牙刷撬開他的牙齒，牙齦整個被撬爛。張俊宏回憶：「就像索忍尼辛《古拉格群島》所寫的，到最後進入恍惚狀態」。（這個比喻對在蘇俄親眼看到過古拉格真相的蔣經國和邀請《古拉格群島》作者索忍尼辛前來台灣訪問的國民黨政權而言，是莫大的嘲諷） 註更多胡慧玲：《民主的浪潮·百年求索（卷三）》，頁156-157。楊青矗用「磨豆腐，壓成豆腐乾」來形容被偵訊人員強迫逼供的情形，呂秀蓮被綁在冰塊上施以酷刑。吳振明被打得口吐鮮血，下體成傷，用原子筆刺喉，自殺不成。 註更多呂秀蓮：《重審美麗島》，頁250-251。

幾乎所有被關押在不同地點、受到不同機構偵訊的美麗島人士，都遭受了程度不等的酷刑，表明針對被捕者的酷刑折磨，不是個別情治人員或機構的孤立現象，而是得到國民黨最高層即蔣經國的指令或默許。蔣經國對此一大規模侵犯受刑人基本人權的狀況負有不可推卸的責任。多年後，施明德說：「當年，真正想殲滅美麗島政團、鎮壓台灣人反抗勢力的首要集團是以王昇上將為頭的軍特派，包括警總司令汪敬煦和中華民國法務部調查局局長阮成章，最後拍板定案下手逮人的就是蔣經國本人！」

大逮捕和大審判並不以美麗島事件這一單一事件落幕而塵埃落定。蔣經國和國民黨沒有在美麗島事件當日殺人、也沒有能在軍事法庭的審判中判處任何人死刑，但他們的殺人之心心癢、殺人之手手癢，覺得鎮壓行動沒有完全嚇阻反對派——美麗島受刑人的家人及律師很快參與選戰並紛紛獲勝。於是，蔣經國及其特務系統開始籌劃新的鎮壓。

一系列可怕的血案相繼發生：一九八○年二月二十八日，林義雄家發生血案，林義雄的母親和一個女兒被慘殺，另一女兒身中數刀，經搶救後生還。此案至今未偵破。兇手選擇在二二八這天下手，警告意味相當強烈。一九八一年五月二十日，美國卡內基梅隆大學助理教授、海外台獨運動參與者陳文成博士，回台灣聯絡黨外力量，被警總帶走後數小時，陳屍於台大研究所圖書館後側。一九八四年十月十五日，美國公民、作家江南（劉宜良）在加州自宅遭到暗殺。這些血案都是美麗島事件之「餘震」，是軍情系統權力擴張的結果。

尤其是江南案，因為在美國發生、遇害者為美國公民，引起美國政府震怒。美國聯邦調查局很快查證，兇手是受台灣軍情系統驅使的黑幫分子，蔣經國的兒子蔣孝武可能涉案。

因此案在美國被捕的竹聯幫的中堅分子、外號「白狼」的張安樂一口咬定，刺殺江南是蔣孝武下令。下手槍殺江南的董桂森於被捕後，在美國受審時，也斬釘截鐵地指出，是蔣孝武下了誅殺令。而當時蔣孝武確實被蔣經國授權領導情治部門，為接班做準備——蔣經國本人就是特務頭子，他知道要讓兒子接班，首先就要讓兒子掌控情治部門。

沒有想到，蔣孝武卻釀成大禍。蔣經國又氣又惱，國防部情報局很可能在他兒子煽動下，僱用黑道到全世界最攸關台灣安危的國家，去執行冷血謀殺案，將他置於非常尷尬的境地。

原本追隨蔣經國多年、已上了年紀的自由派人士也大為震驚和羞愧，一個黨和政府要靠黑道及情治機構來威嚇敵人，其統治合法性和道德權威蕩然無存。此案也徹底摧毀了蔣經國長期以來對情治機制及祕密行動的信念，他對這個自己創造出來的怪物充滿無力感，稱之為「負數」。 註更多[11] 陶涵：《蔣經國傳》，頁434-436。

蔣經國終於承認了「殺人不能解決問題」這個民主社會最簡單不過的常識，不得不放棄蔣家第三代接班的可能性，以此承諾換取美方停止對蔣孝武罪行的追究。一九八五年八月十六日與十二月二十五日，蔣經國兩度公開表示：「從來沒有考慮蔣家成員接班」，「蔣家不能也不會參選下任總統。」為堵眾人悠悠之口，蔣經國不得不將蔣孝武調離台北，出國擔任「駐新加坡副代表」。一九八六年二月十七日，台灣外交部正式宣佈「中國廣播公司總經理」蔣孝武為「駐新加坡副代表」。次日上午，蔣孝武就搭機前往履新。從此，再沒有與蔣經國見面，直到蔣經國猝死之後，蔣孝武才回台灣奔喪。

殺人者總是要為其殺人行為付出代價的。蔣經國沒有在法庭上受審，但在台灣社會日漸深化的轉型正義進程中，他的殺人行為必然導致他的歷史評價越來越低。

儘管如此，美麗島事件之後一直到一九八○中期，蔣經國始終不願啟動政治改革，他重用王昇，設立「劉少康辦公室」，都是走回頭路，歷史學者陳翠蓮認為，這兩件事是蔣經國採取強硬路線的最高峰：「蔣經國作為威權體制的領導者，首要目標在維繫統治於長久，他軟硬兼施、窮盡各種路線，都無法化解黨外民主運動對其政權的挑戰。美麗島大逮捕後，反對運動更加茁壯。王昇與劉少康辦公室登場，意味著蔣經國以強硬路線力挽狂瀾。」 註更多陳翠蓮：<王昇與「劉少康辦公室」：1980年代台灣威權體制末期與權力震蕩>，（台北）國史館館刊，第六十九期（2021年9月）。

※作者為美籍華文作家，歷史學者，人權捍衛者。蒙古族，出身蜀國，求學北京，自2012年之後移居美國。多次入選百名最具影響力的華人知識分子名單，曾榮獲美國公民勇氣獎、亞洲出版協會最佳評論獎、北美台灣人教授協會廖述宗教授紀念獎金等。主要著作有《劉曉波傳》、《一九二七：民國之死》、《一九二七：共和崩潰》、《顛倒的民國》、《中國乃敵國也》、《今生不做中國人》等。

journalist: 余杰

countries: 美國 新加坡 韓國 中華民國 中國 台灣

events: 槍殺 參選

people: 張俊宏 邱奕彬 呂秀蓮 陳菊 施明德

taiwan-subdivisions: 和美 高雄 中壢 高雄市 安樂

things: 油價 轉型正義 人權 死刑

title: 晚年蔣經國如何應對民主運動——「一網打盡之後，再做斬草除根之事」-


content_text:
▲ 春節年假結束後，有很多上班族興起轉換跑道的念頭。（圖／翻攝pakutaso免費圖庫）

文／李海碩

春節年假轉瞬即逝，2/7開工不少上班族都哀鴻遍野表示想繼續「躺平」。去年中國發生了「躺平運動」，美國最近也開始了Antiwork（反工作）風潮，在美國最大的線上討論社群Reddit中，Antiwork討論版近來獲得了前所未有的關注。上面有哪些訊息呢？又有哪些時事英文值得討論？我們一起來看看。

什麼是Reddit？

台灣有PTT、Dcard，美國鄉民的集散地則是Reddit。這個名字是來自英文中讀過了（read it）的諧音。

Reddit is the largest online forum in the United States, and recently the members of this online community are encouraging each other to resign. （Reddit是美國最大的線上討論區，最近這個線上社群的成員們鼓勵彼此辭職。）

resign是「辭職」的意思，名詞是resignation。fire表示「開除」，是比較口語的辭職說法，正式一點的說法是terminate（終結）。

After a lengthy negotiation, the participants agreed mutually to terminate the contract.（在冗長的談判之後，雙方都同意結束合約。）

Antiwork到底在說什麼？

在Reddit中有各式各樣不同的討論版（subforums），通稱為subreddit，使用「sub-」字根表示在下方，Antiwork也是Reddit其中一個討論版，版上主要的訊息是對於老闆的抱怨與辭職的想法。

There are thousands of subforums on "Reddit" called "Subreddit". One of them is named “Antiwork”. (https://www.reddit.com/r/antiwork) Recent posts often bag more than 5K upvotes, and forum members are sharing complaints of their companies and bosses, and ideas about quitting work. The forum started in 2013, and according to a survey, most users are males in North America. （Reddit上有數以千計的討論版稱為subreddit，其中之一名為Antiwork。近期的貼文都有五千個讚以上，論壇成員大多會分享對於公司與老闆的抱怨與辭職等想法。該論壇從2013年開始，且根據調查，大多數使用者都是北美男性。）

上文中出現的forum意思是討論區或討論會，在多益測驗題型中，除了forum外，想表示討論會，還能使用seminar「研討會」、symposium「座談會」、conference「會議」，與convention「地方性／全國大會」。

為什麼Antiwork版上的人都想辭職？主要的原因來自於剝奪感。動詞deprive表示「剝奪」，剝奪感就是sense of deprivation。世界上許多富人都會透過合法節稅的手段，降低所需要繳交的稅額，以致於部分企業需要繳交的稅額極低，甚至可能是零。而在歐美稅額又非常高，所以就導致了員工心中產生剝奪感，並感到不滿。

The most "liked (upvoted)" posts are often screenshots of resignation letters. It is believed that the trend stems from the fact that the rich can find ways to perfect tax deductions, while the employees need to work and being taxed heavily, leading to a sense of deprivation. （獲得最多讚的貼文通常都是辭職信的螢幕截圖。據信這個風潮來自於富人可以完美避稅，但員工卻在需要工作的狀況下賦稅沈重，導致剝奪感。）

deduction來自於deduct（減免、扣除），在多益測驗中也常出現同義的另一組單字：reduce與reduction，「表示減少；降低」。deduct用來表示「應付金額的減少」，最常見的就是與tax連用，並有standard deduction（標準扣除額）的說法，相較之下，reduce則多用來表示減少花費、支出、或不好的事物。

Countries around the world are working on carbon emissions reduction. （世界各國正致力於減少碳排放量。）

躺平運動 Lie-Flat Movement

在美國的Antiwork風潮開始之前，中國其實就已經出現類似情況的躺平運動，英文以意譯翻成Lie-Flat Movement，原因也是因為付出與收穫不平衡的剝奪感。

At the same time, the Lie-Flat Movement has quickly gained attention in China. Numerous young Chinese people decided to drop out of the rat race as they find they can only be rewarded little compared with their efforts at work. As a result, they choose to do only the minimum amount of work to get by. （同時，「躺平運動」在中國快速興起。許多年輕人發現與工作辛勞相比，報酬實在少得可憐，決定不再汲汲營營。所以他們選擇只做最少量的工作來營生。）

這段中有兩個需要解釋的重點，其一是rat race，表示「老鼠競賽」。老鼠競賽來自於老鼠籠，因為老鼠籠中的老鼠會一直滾著輪圈，所以就被用來形容「職場上工作者對名利的汲汲營營」。最後一句的minimum是「最低的」，反義詞是maximum「最高的」。

對於中美兩國不約而同興起的躺平與Antiwork浪潮，原文作者認為這其實不是單一國家的問題，或許也是近年來「一人公司」與「個人品牌」風潮興起的主因吧！

The Global Times columnist Ding Gang argued that Biden's real challenge is not China but an antiwork generation. Maybe it's a problem shared not with one country, but many alike. （全球時代專欄作家Ding Gang主張美國總統拜登的真實挑戰不是中國，而是躺平世代。或許這不是一個國家面對的問題，而是許多國家共有的命運。）

【多益模擬試題】

本次的多益測驗題，就使用版上真實的一篇工會文章信件作為範例，選取這份文件的原因是因為這封信件是一封典型的職場信函，用詞與句式都符合專業需求，但Antiwork中大多數文章都含有許多不宜出現在一般文章中的F與S字，本篇文章是Antiwork討論區中作者u/Rothegod分享出來的作品。畫黑線的部分是已經被去除的個人機密資訊。請先學習下面相關的單字與用法之後再開始閱讀文章。

Vocabulary: 1. denial (n.) 從deny (v.)否認延伸而來，表示否定2. paid sick days 有薪病假，也可使用paid sick leaves3. confirm (v.) 確認4. implement (v.) 施行5. deplorable (adj.) 可悲的、令人遺憾的6. BC = British Columbia 英屬哥倫比亞，位於加拿大7. recourse (n.) 法律用語，訴諸8. group grievance (n.) 集體申訴9. file (v.) 法律用語中意思為「提出」10. exposure (n.) 暴露11. route (n.) 路線12. solidarity (n.) 團結。因為這是工會文件，所以最後的結尾以「大家要一起團結」的in solidarity來收尾

denial of ESA 5 paid sick days Good afternoon Local 191 Member at . I regret to confirm the company’s denial of the (5) paid sick days implemented by the BC Provincial Government January 1 2022. This is deplorable decision by the company and I know all of you are very upset by this. I have been in contact with our lawyer for much of today to outline what legal recourse the Union will pursue on this matter.

The affiliate Union represented at the have agreed to file a group grievance to resolve this matter. This is happening today.

I advise all sick members required to miss work to file a Worksafe claim that tested positive for Covid-19 if you had a work place exposure.

It is unfortunate the company has decided to go this route, the Provincial Government has intended the (5) paid sick days for illness.

I will update you as things develop.

In Solidarity,

（資料來源／Reddit論壇）

1. According to the email, the members in the union are preparing to file a group grievance because(A) Some of the members are tested positive for COVID-19.(B) Some of the members miss work.(C) The Provincial Government has intended five paid sick days.(D) The company decided to deny the regulation set by the BC Government.

2. Which is correct? (A) This email is sent to more than 200 members in the union.(B) The union will file a group grievance the next week.(C) The union will keep its members posted on this matter.(D) The five paid sick days regulation is effective starting from January 1st, 2021.

解析：

1. 正解為(D)。工會成員決定提出集體申訴的原因不是因為(A)有人確診、(B)有人曠工、(C)州政府給予五天有薪病假，而是(D)公司否認了政府所設定的規則（五天病假）。

2. 正解為(C)。信件一開頭便確切說明191個會員，故(A)錯誤。第二段最後一句工會明確指出今天就會採取行動，題目內容為下周，故(B)錯誤。(D)的年份有誤，第一段第三行中顯示應為2022年，選項為2021年。(C)為正確答案，因文章中最後一句話為I will update（更新事態），題目中依照多益題型常見形式換句話說，從update改成為keep posted，但是意思都是「更新進度」。

延伸閱讀》想瘦首先要懂吃 看健康飲食法學英文

journalist: 文／李海碩

countries: 台灣 加拿大 哥倫比亞 美國 中國

title: 【英語多益通】全球掀起離職潮 「躺平運動」英文怎麼說？ | ETtoday生活新聞


content_text:
1名媳婦在社群平台分享，她今年為了孝敬公婆，每人各包1萬元紅包，總共包出2萬元，未料近日突然接到大姑致電痛罵，認為應該事先溝通金額，才能讓對方有面子，她感到傻眼，將此經驗上傳網路，這則PO文引起許多網友討論。示意圖，圖與新聞事件無關。（資料照）

2022/02/07 17:13

〔即時新聞／綜合報導〕1名媳婦在社群平台分享，她與先生今年為了孝敬公婆，每人各包1萬元紅包，總共包出2萬元，未料近日突然接到大姑致電痛罵，認為應該事先溝通金額，才能讓對方有面子，她感到傻眼，將此經驗上傳網路，這則PO文引起許多網友討論。

這名媳婦於6日在爆料公社中的「匿名公社」發文，內文提到她今年農曆新年分別給公婆2人各自1萬元紅包，總共包出去2萬元。其中大姑包了6千元給公婆後，因為開始四處炫耀，使婆婆不小心說溜嘴，「原PO媳婦其實包了1萬元」，此話引起大姑不滿。

這名媳婦透露，由於大姑在親戚間失去顏面，突接到大姑致電痛罵，「為什麼包這麼多，讓她很難看」，且認為這名媳婦和丈夫應事先與大姑溝通後，再包紅包，才不會造成對方沒面子；她接著說，「又不是我們去說的，結果她現在被親戚洗臉嘲笑就跑來罵我，有沒有搞錯啊？」。

網友看到Po文後，紛紛表達不同想法，有人說「個人的心意有什麼好計較的」、「包紅包本來就是看各自的能力量力而為，大姑的行為是打腫臉充胖子而已，何苦呢？」、「這也太難相處了吧！」、「她是被打臉，在不爽。別鳥她就好」，還有網友直言「這個叫做路見不平氣死閒人，妳婆婆就是聽不下去了，才會吐槽自己女兒，妳當下應該回妳姑姑，原本妳是包2萬，被退回1萬的」。

references: 網友 爆料公社

title: 媳婦給公婆各1萬紅包 竟遭大姑怒嗆：為何包這麼多？


content_text: 中評社北京2月7日電／據大公報報道，新冠疫情令許多人改為在家工作，促使消費者更重視在家期間的生活享受，刺激去年家電銷售理想。從事家電的香港模具及產品科技協會理事長陳鑑光表示，疫情影響下，人們願花更多時間在家與親人共度時光，對咖啡機、冰箱、廚具及焗爐等需求不斷上升，對今年香港家電出口表現頗為樂觀。 陳鑑光表示，在疫情下，愈來愈多人在家享受天倫之樂，一家人談天說地，加上不少人為“咖啡迷”，故很多人購買一部小型咖啡機，為家人炮製一杯咖啡，故去年咖啡機銷售甚佳。展望今年，他對咖啡機銷情甚樂觀，因為太多人鍾情咖啡，而擁有咖啡機者寥寥無幾，故市場發展空間很大。“很多人親自用過咖啡機後，會好享受箇中過程，特別為家人炮製咖啡，更是十分溫馨之事。” 業界人士坦言，看好今年訂單所以不擔心生意，反而苦思如何應付訂單及計算成本。根據普鋼指數，去年初曾為160水平，但5月大升至超過230，雖然年尾回落至大約170，鋼材價格如此波動，其他金屬、塑膠價格亦波動甚大，令廠家難以控制採購成本。再者，以往採購原材料只需4至6周，疫情下供應商供貨期大幅延長至52個星期，只好“炒貨”或由其他途徑採購物料，最終成本肯定急升。 從事電子業的香港工業總會常務副主席莊子雄預料，今年香港電子出口升逾一成，主因是市場需求旺盛，而且也直認面對缺芯及原材料價被炒高的壓力，客戶必須肯承擔額外加價才能生產，否則只好請客戶等待價格回落再行處理。 他又估計，今年醫療用品及家電仍會熱銷，前者因疫情所推動，後者則因許多人無法外出旅行，願意花較多錢在家享受生活。 至於玩具業，香港玩具廠商會榮譽會長梁鍾銘也認為，一些具創意及教育玩具，像Steam玩具，除了讓小朋友可以邊玩邊學外，又是一項很好的親子活動，頗受市場歡迎。從事教育玩具的維亮國際行政總裁胡力恒表示，以塑膠仿真動物打造為親子動物模型教具，能與動物教學圖鑒的二維碼結合，配合手機應用程式內展示各動動的資料，成為親子互助平台而獲得追捧。

title: 居家避疫 家電玩具需求急增


content_text:
▲台東縣關山國小與太空旅行種子相遇研究，榮獲全國第3名。（圖／記者楊漢聲翻攝）

記者楊漢聲／台東報導

台東縣關山國小參加由國家實驗研究院國家太空中心、國立中興大學農資院與日本宇宙航空研究開發機構（JAXA）共同合作辦理的「亞洲種子送上太空計畫」（Asia Herb in Space, AHiS），經過4個月對甜羅勒的栽種實驗、觀察記錄、研究分析及報告，榮獲全國第3名的佳績，縣長饒慶鈴除表達恭賀，也對孩子們充分展現科技農業的學習力給予高度肯定。

台東縣政府表示，關山國小長期以智慧農業為課程發展主軸，連結地方產業，並於109年由教育處規劃設置「未來教室-智慧創意發展中心」，推廣資訊科技教育，培養學生創新思考的能力。為開展農業科技學習經驗、滿足對外太空新奇感，學校師生以歷年成果，與119校競爭，入選獲取種植日本甜羅勒種子，並將研究成果，和太空艙種植的生長情形進行對照，藉由作物栽培經驗，提供太空科學教育推廣及運用。

「亞洲種子送上太空計畫」主要是由7國共14種作物的種子，含台灣的台灣藜、姬蝴蝶蘭、甜椒及向日葵，一起運送貯放在國際太空站的希望號（Kibo）實驗艙，種子經外太空旅行7個月返回地球；另外日本的甜羅勒及馬來西亞的聖羅勒，由日本太空人野口在Kibo中種植1個月，記錄拍攝其生長情況。這些太空旅行的植物在去年7月9日返抵地球，接續由中興大學徵選國內中小學生種植研究，並收集科學報告，進行國際交流與分享。

參與研究的關山國小胡珈臻同學提到，為了有效控制甜羅勒的生長環境，學生將種子特別種植在智慧生長箱，固定室溫、光照、風量、風速和營養液，利用不同色光比較生長，並和台灣甜羅勒種子種植作對照；為了模擬太空環境，利用強力磁鐵設置盆栽和磁化水澆灌，觀察磁力對植株生長、開花結果的影響。

經層層考核後關山國小進入國小組前18強，原預計在1月25日在中興大學進行第2階段的決賽報告，為防疫改採視訊線上報告，結果扎實豐富的研究分析報告獲得評審好評，榮獲全國第3名，充分展現學生在科學創新及科技農業的學習力，更開啟學生接觸太空、發展農業科學的新視野。

countries: 台灣 日本 馬來西亞

title: 關山國小與太空旅行種子相遇研究成果亮眼　榮獲全國第3


content_text:
《TAIPEI TIMES》 LSE reaffirms that President Tsai has doctorate in law

President Tsai Ing-wen, left, visits members of the Marine Corps members in Kaohsiung on Thursday.Photo courtesy of the Presidential Office via CNA

2022/02/07 03:00

/ Staff writer, with CNA, London

The University of London has reaffirmed that President Tsai Ing-wen （蔡英文） received a doctoral degree in 1984 and that her thesis was reviewed by two examiners.

“Dr. Tsai Ing-wen, who is now the president of Taiwan, was awarded a PhD in February 1984 following the submission and examination of her thesis by two examiners,” the university said in a statement.

The London School of Economics and Political Science （LSE） has an electronic copy of the thesis that can be accessed via an online thesis system, it said.

The LSE, founded in 1895, joined the University of London in 1900.

“While it remains unclear whether copies were deposited with the university’s library, that has no bearing on Dr. Tsai’s PhD, which was correctly awarded,” the university said.

The university categorically denied any allegations of wrongdoing or falsehood made against any member of staff in relation to the search for copies of the thesis.

“All University of London staff who have handled enquiries related to this thesis have done so with the utmost integrity,” it said.

Tsai’s academic credentials have been the subject of discussion on Taiwanese media since former political talk show host Dennis Peng （彭文正） raised the issue on Facebook in June 2019, when Tsai was seeking re-election.

Peng has repeatedly accused Tsai of never completing her dissertation for a doctoral degree in law from the LSE in 1984.

The president subsequently took legal action against Peng, National Taiwan University law professor emeritus Ho De-fen （賀德芬） and Hwan C. Lin （林環牆）, an associate professor of economics at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, after they said her academic credentials from the LSE were fraudulent.

In October 2019, the LSE issued a formal statement confirming that Tsai “was correctly awarded a PhD in Law in 1984.”

Peng was indicted by the Taipei District Prosecutors’ Office on March 31 last year.

However, Ho and Lin were not indicted, as the office said that it did not find sufficient evidence that they had malicious intent, and wanted to denigrate Tsai and damage her reputation.

In November, the Taipei District Court issued a warrant for Peng’s arrest after he failed to appear for trial on July 28 and Oct. 20, after being subpoenaed.

The court in November ruled that the 60-year-old Peng was a flight risk, but only then discovered that he was in the US.

As a result, it released a circular order for his arrest based on Article 84 of the Code of Criminal Procedure （刑事訴訟法）.

新聞來源：TAIPEI TIMES


content_text:
今天(7日)是虎年開工日，本土疫情未擴大，國內金融業新春團拜迎好彩頭。各大公民營銀行董座，也看好今年美國聯準會(FED)升息所帶來的轉變，認為Fed其基準短期借款利率最快可能在3月調升25個基本點，並計畫大幅縮減資產負債表，以因應高通膨，對金融業是一大利多，利差及資金運用收益應可提升，獲利動能可望逐步走高。

兆豐金控2月7日開工日舉行金虎年新春視訊團拜，集團高階主管300多位一同在線上互道恭喜相互祝福，董事長張兆順特別感謝同仁過去一年來的努力及付出，特別是新冠肺炎疫情嚴重衝擊全球經濟及金融，對同仁是極為艱鉅的挑戰。

展望今年，張兆順認為，全球經濟將持續面臨新冠肺炎變種病毒持續肆虐、供應鏈瓶頸、嚴重的通貨膨脹、中國經濟發展的隱憂及地緣政治緊張衝突等5大威脅，而這些威脅都會造成金融市場的激烈波動。不過，FED今年3月起可能有3至5次的升息機會，有助銀行業績的表現，銀行業更應該掌握今年的變動，勇於變革，掌握新的商機。張兆順說：『(原音)要變動的話，我們也跟著變動，採取積極的態度，掌握就這一次的機會，我相信可以把我們發揮極致，我們兆豐集團狀況一定會翻身，一定會大幅改變，我就以升息的改變，大家掌握住今年難得的變化，來跟各位共同勉勵。』

台銀董事長呂桔誠也在新春團拜時表示，隨著國際升息的聲音，給銀行業跨足到國際帶來一些機會，加上政府推動都市更新計畫、經濟拉抬等都會為金融業務帶來機會。呂桔誠也認為，今年經濟有4大亮點，一是轉單效應仍然存在；二是台商加速回台；三是中小企業加強投資台灣；四是前瞻建設仍是密集投資期，可望帶動國內投資。

countries: 美國 台灣 中國

events: 疫情 新冠肺炎

title: [財經] 金融業虎年開張 董座們應對升息環境「扭轉乾坤」 - 220207-18


content_text:
Smart economic policymaking invariably requires trading off some pain today for greater future gains.

However, this is a difficult proposition politically, especially in democracies. It is always easier for elected leaders to indulge their constituents immediately, on the hope that the bill will not arrive while they are still in office.

Moreover, those who bear the pain caused by a policy are not necessarily those who would gain from it.

That is why today’s more advanced economies created mechanisms that allow them to make hard choices when necessary. Chief among these are independent central banks and mandated limits on budget deficits. Importantly, political parties reached a consensus to establish and back these mechanisms irrespective of their own immediate political priorities.

One reason that many emerging markets have swung from crisis to crisis is that they failed to achieve such consensus.

However, recent history shows that developed economies, too, are becoming less tolerant of pain, perhaps because their own political consensus has eroded.

Financial markets have become volatile once again, owing to fears that the US Federal Reserve would tighten its monetary policy significantly to control inflation, even though many investors still hope that the Fed will go easy if asset prices start to fall substantially.

If the Fed proves them right, it would become that much harder to normalize financial conditions in the future.

Investors’ hope that the Fed will prolong the party is not baseless.

In late 1996, then-Fed chair Alan Greenspan warned of financial markets’ “irrational exuberance.”

However, the markets shrugged off the warning and were proved correct. Perhaps chastened by the harsh political reaction to Greenspan’s speech, the Fed did nothing, and when the stock market eventually crashed in 2000, it cut rates, ensuring that the recession was mild.

In a testimony to the US Congress Joint Economic Committee the previous year, Greenspan said that while the Fed could not prevent “the inevitable economic hangover” from an asset price boom, it could “mitigate the fallout when it occurs and, hopefully, ease the transition to the next expansion.”

The Fed thus assured traders and bankers that if they collectively gambled on similar assets, it would not limit the upside, but it would limit the downside if their bets turned bad.

Subsequent Fed interventions have entrenched such beliefs, making it even harder for it to rein in financial markets with modest moves.

Now that much more tightening and consequent pain might be needed, a consensus in favor of it might be harder to achieve.

Fiscal policy is also guilty of peddling supposedly painless economic measures.

Most would agree that the COVID-19 pandemic created a need for targeted spending (through extended, generous unemployment benefits, for example) to shield the hardest-hit households.

However, in the event, the spending was anything but targeted.

The US Congress passed multitrillion-dollar bills offering something for everyone.

The US Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), for example, provided US$800 billion in grants (effectively) for small businesses across the board.

A new study from Massachusetts Institute of Technology economist David Autor and his colleagues estimates that the program helped preserve 2 million to 3 million job years of employment of more than 14 months, at a stupendous cost of US$170,000 to US$257,000 per job year.

Worse, only 23 to 34 percent of this money went directly to workers who would otherwise have lost their jobs. The balance instead went to creditors, business owners and shareholders.

All told, an estimated three-quarters of PPP benefits went to the top one-fifth of earners.

Of course, the program might have saved some firms that otherwise would have collapsed, but at what cost?

While capitalists anticipate profits, they also sign up for possible failure. Moreover, many small businesses are tiny operations without much organizational capital. If a small bakery had to close, the economic fallout would have been mitigated by the enhanced unemployment insurance, and if it had a loyal clientele, it could restart after the pandemic, perhaps with a little help from a bank.

The standard line is that the unconstrained spending was driven by a sense that unprecedented times called for unprecedented measures. In fact, it was the response to the 2008 global financial crisis that broke the previous consensus for more prudent policies.

Lasting public resentment that Wall Street had been helped more than Main Street motivated politicians in the US’ two major parties to spend with abandon when the pandemic hit.

However, targeted unemployment benefits were associated with the Democratic Party, leaving Republicans seeking wins for their own constituencies. Who better to support than small businesses?

While political fractures were driving up untargeted spending, budget hawks were nowhere to be found: Their voices had been steadily drowned out by economists.

In addition to the cranks who show up periodically to advocate ostensibly free lunches through money-financed spending, a growing chorus of mainstream economists had been arguing that prevailing low interest rates gave developed countries significantly more room to expand fiscal deficits.

Politicians who were eager to justify their policies ignored these economists’ caveats — that spending had to be sensible and that interest rates had to stay low. Only the headline message mattered, and anyone suggesting otherwise was dismissed as a hair-shirt fanatic.

Historically, it has been the Fed’s job to take away the monetary punch bowl before the party gets frenzied, and Congress’ job to be prudent about fiscal deficits and debt.

However, the Fed’s desire to spare the market from pain has driven more risk-taking and reinforced expectations of further interventions.

The Fed’s actions have also added to the pressure on Congress to do its bit for Main Street, which in turn has led to inflation and a belief that the Fed would back off from raising rates.

All of this makes a return to the previous consensus more difficult. When the Fed does raise rates significantly, the US government’s costs of servicing the debt from past spending would limit future spending, including on policies to reduce inequality (which has fueled political fragmentation), combat future emergencies and tackle climate change.

Every economy has a limited reservoir of policy credibility and resources, which are best used to mitigate genuine economic distress, not to shield those who can bear some pain.

If everyone wants a free lunch, the bill would eventually be paid by those least able to afford it. Emerging market economies have had to learn this the hard way. Developed countries might have to learn it again.

Raghuram Rajan, former governor of the Reserve Bank of India, is a finance professor at University of Chicago’s Booth School of Business.

Copyright: Project Syndicate

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title: The end of free-lunch economics