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〔記者陳鈺馥／台北報導〕武漢肺炎疫情衝擊國內經濟產業，行政院今日在清明連假首日召開臨時院會，通過「嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎防治及紓困振興特別條例修正草案」，再追加1500億元特別預算；行政院長蘇貞昌會後親自召開記者會宣布，特別準備用1兆500億元預算救台灣，幫大家度過難關。

政院公布，規模1兆500億元紓困方案，包含原本的紓困振興特別預算600億元，蔡英文總統所指示從「移緩濟急」與基金加碼400億元，以及再從移緩濟急與基金加碼的1000億元，加上央行、郵政儲金和各公營銀行貸款額度7000億元，還有這次追加的1500億元特別預算。

蘇揆表示，全世界高達190個國家，每天5、6萬人確診人數增加，全世界已經4萬多人過世，幸好台灣守住第一關，全世界的產業受到衝擊，所以不僅要防疫、振興和紓困，原來特別預算是針對中國疫情而定，現在再針對全球疫情要來紓困，特別準備1兆500億元救台灣，幫大家度過難關。

行政院政委龔明鑫表示，現在疫情非常嚴重，第一期特別預算全世界的疫情非常少，現在疫情非常嚴重，歐美國家受傷嚴重，必須要有更前瞻的思維。

龔明鑫指出，世界提出了大規模紓困方案，佔GDP二位數，我國1兆500億元約佔GDP5.6%。其中，整體特別預算約2100億元，經濟部佔37%、勞動部24%、交通部18%，除了2100億元特別預算外，其他部會所提以緩濟急預算是1400億元。美國預估4700萬人失業，這個非常嚴重，台灣必須超前部署，經濟部服務業及製造業66萬人，超前部署直接補貼。

在金融業補貼上，如果有中小企業需要貸款，7000億元貸款額度要讓經濟持續保溫。衛福部特別預算有365億元，經濟部部分有975億元，振興措施從22幾億加碼到180億元，另外還有水電上的補助。

龔明鑫提及，交通部方面再加碼275億元，針對觀光陸運海運空運來辦理；農委會加碼20億元來協助農民困難；文化部加碼30幾億元協助藝文產業。

教育部再加碼20億元來補助運動賽事，科技部也提出10億元來補助。勞動部方面也加碼編列300億元支持自營工作者，也開辦500億元勞工紓困貸款。

相關新聞請見︰武漢肺炎懶人包》傳染途徑、預防措施看這裡
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journalist: 陳鈺馥

countries: 台灣 美國 中國

people: 蔡英文 蘇貞昌

title: 政院紓困方案追加預算 蘇揆：1兆500億元救台灣「幫大家度過難關」 - 政治風向球 - 自由影音


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〔記者洪瑞琴／台南報導〕武漢肺炎疫情日趨嚴峻，夜市人潮眾多，恐成防疫破口，台南市今晚（4日）出動空拍機架著大聲公升空巡繞宣導，台南市長黃偉哲親自拿麥克風「空中喊話」，向夜市向攤商及消費者宣導戴口罩、勤洗手及保持社交距離等防疫觀念。

對於台南景點虎頭埤丶關仔嶺、烏山頭人潮多被列入「國家警報」警示區，黃偉哲今晚受訪時說，配合中央防疫措施，尊重警訊的發布，但是人潮多的地方還有其他處，「希望公務員坐在辦公室發布警訊，以後要準確－些」。

黃偉哲說，「命是自己的，健康是自己的」，期望大家要有正確防疫觀念，透過自我保護也保護他人的各項防疫作為，希望將病毒傳染的機率降至最低。

黃偉哲說，為防範疫情擴散，目前進入「深水區」高度警戒，中央流行疫情指揮中心已制定公布「社交距離注意事項」，鼓勵社交距離要保持室外至少1公尺，室內至少要1.5公尺，雖然目前沒有罰則只能柔性勸導，但市府還是要強力宣導，夜市範圍很大，透過空拍機空中宣導，發揮宣導效果。

不過，民眾逛夜市多數已戴口罩，但仍可見有些人邊走邊吃，即使戴囗罩的人，也暫時擱在下巴大囗吃美食；排隊名攤也是擠－起沒有「社交距離」。

黃偉哲說，目前柔性勸導，夜市外圍協請業者提供布囗罩販售，未來中央針對夜市等公共消費場所若明訂罰則，也可透過空拍機稽查取締。

經發局長陳凱凌說，除了持續在各市場及夜市加強宣導防疫各項作為之外，轄內各公、民有及夜市均已全面納入1週1次消毒範圍，對於消費者與民眾較常接觸的公共設施（水龍頭、門把）等區域加強消毒，減少病毒殘留與傳播，讓民眾安心到市場及夜市採買。

journalist: 洪瑞琴

title: 逛夜市「保持社交距離」！ 台南出動空拍機「空中喊話」 - 生活指南針 - 自由影音


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〔即時新聞／綜合報導〕今（1）日是一年一度的愚人節，本報也呼應時事，在臉書公布一份愚人節版本的「自冉時報」，頭版新聞為「驚爆陳時中是雙胞胎，輪流上班難怪不累」，總銷量僅此一份。而今日中央流行疫情指揮中心記者會期間，指揮官陳時中被問及此事時趣味回應，他有時脾氣較差，那個應該是他弟弟，他代為致歉。

本報臉書粉絲專頁今日上午公布一份愚人節版本的「自冉時報」，其中頭版標題直指陳時中其實是雙胞胎「陳日土」及「陳寸中」，難怪連續70天召開記者會、指揮防疫工作都不會累。不過本報也提醒讀者，這些通通是錯誤消息，「鋼鐵部長」只有一人，就是陳時中。

陳時中本人在例行記者會上被問及此事，他表示「今天是愚人節嘛」、「一些在網路上的笑話啦齁」，不過他也提到「我大部分時候都還是很平和，有時候脾氣會不好，那大概是我弟弟，我替我弟弟跟大家抱歉」，一席巧妙回應讓記者會現場笑聲連連。

而網友也紛紛發揮創意表示，陳時中如果有雙胞胎，或許應該叫做「陳分中」跟「陳秒中」，或是「陳時左」跟「陳時右」。就連搭乘鑽石公主號包機回台的魔術師陳日昇也趣味回應「那我包機回來在機場看到的是哥哥還是弟弟」。

相關新聞請見︰武漢肺炎懶人包》傳染途徑、預防措施看這裡
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references: 網友 臉書

title: 回應「雙胞胎」玩笑 陳時中：脾氣不好的是我弟弟啦！ - 自由新鮮事 - 自由影音


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［記者王捷／台南報導］中央流行疫情指揮中心宣布搭大眾運輸工具應戴口罩，違者將重1萬5000元，同時雙鐵也不再販售熱食，並禁止在車內飲食，交通部長林佳龍今天到高速公路局南部交通控制視察交通狀況，問到台鐵搭乘時間久，如果老弱婦孺或是因疾病需要飲食，只要保持室內1.5公尺社交距離，部分可以通融。

林佳龍視察連假交通車流，他說，在高速公路的車流量，是比週末時高，但與過去連假期間相比是降低了13%到17%，同時休息站、服務區也做了防疫措施。

另外，對於今天雙鐵都停賣便當、禁止飲食，但傳出有部分交通人員認為，在車內禁止飲食的難度高，即使車內沒有販售食品，乘客仍會攜帶食品上車，尤其台鐵的搭乘時間長，若有老弱婦孺或因疾病需要補充糖分時，該如何因應？

對此，林佳龍說，目前台鐵、高鐵都停售便當，高鐵商務艙提供的點心，也是包裝好的產品，並呼籲乘客要外帶食用，而商務艙同時也不再提供報章雜誌，至於在車廂內如果有飲食必要，如果在室內保持1.5公尺，部分可以通融。

相關新聞請見︰武漢肺炎懶人包》傳染途徑、預防措施看這裡
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journalist: 王捷

title: 雙鐵禁止飲食難度高 林佳龍：部分可以通融 - 《武漢肺炎》 - 自由影音


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〔記者蔡宗憲／屏東報導〕武漢肺炎嚴峻，清明連假連續兩晚在墾丁大街爆出人潮，引發全國性的關注，為了落實「室外一公尺社交距離」，屏東警方一度規劃封閉墾丁大街段車道，但因遊客遽減取消，但「臨檢口罩」仍是全國風景區首見，意外造就百分百口罩覆蓋率的奇蹟。

墾丁大街人潮「社交距離不足」成為焦點，屏縣府破天荒規劃夜間祭出封閉台二十六線墾丁大街段車道，從下午開始就規劃第一階段南北分流，晚間則讓遊客保持一公尺以上逛街距離，但最終因遊客數少，仍保持兩個車道南北通行。

雖然未封閉車道，但除了屏縣府衛生局沿街廣播宣導，警方更大動作在大街入口進行少見的「臨檢」，針對未戴口罩強勢勸導戴上，外籍遊客未攜帶則當場發放要求戴上，形成相當特殊的畫面。

不過，這項「車過吹哨」措施也引發當地業者納悶，認為中央未發佈禁足令，在連假前鼓勵大家都空曠地區踏青，人潮湧入又殘忍發簡訊「要大家別來」，如今遊客都已北返才大動作管制勸導，反傷害地方觀光形象。

屏縣府表示，希望兼顧當地商機，也希望在疫情嚴峻情況下，能夠擴大逛街民眾的室外安全距離，才會考量採取這項些措施，疫情尚未趨緩前，未來週末或連續假期欲果人潮暴增，都會考慮類似作法。

相關新聞請見︰武漢肺炎懶人包》傳染途徑、預防措施看這裡
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journalist: 蔡宗憲

title: 武漢肺炎》警方「臨檢口罩」 墾丁口罩覆蓋率百分百 - 生活指南針 - 自由影音


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〔記者許國楨／台中報導〕台中市一名已經90多歲阿嬤大清早坐輪椅外出卻忘了回家的路，就這樣在路口神遊了一個多小時，警方獲報趕往協助，阿嬤卻答非所問，正苦思如何帶她回家時，竟巧遇其就讀國中的曾孫正要上學行經，進而從曾孫口中得知照顧者電話，順利連繫上阿嬤孫子趕往帶回，結束這場奇妙的神遊記。

台中市第三分局立德派出所前幾天清晨六點多接獲熱心民眾報案，一名阿嬤疑似迷途，獨自坐輪椅在東區建成路與立德街口坐了1個多小時，警員何誠晉、黃繼興到場詢問阿嬤是否在等人、身上是否有證件，阿嬤卻說不出在等候何人，還說「證件不能隨便給別人」拒絕出示，接著一連串答非所問讓員警陷入苦思。

員警隨即以人臉辨識系統比對，終於查出已經94歲高齡的阿嬤姓謝，正想著如何聯繫家人時，正巧阿嬤就讀國中的曾孫上學途中路過，一眼就認出曾祖母告知警方並提供家人聯絡資訊，讓警方順利聯繫上阿嬤孫子，只是阿嬤得知警方遇到曾孫卻直誇「你有福氣！你有福氣！（台語）」，出人意表回應讓員警哭笑不得。

警方在場陪同阿嬤等待家人到場，過程中阿嬤疑似太累竟睡著了，等孫子到場後才將其送返住處；據了解，阿嬤平日有到社區長照據點上課及復健的習慣，平常都是拄著拐杖出門，鮮少使用輪椅，家人表示當天還沒到上課時間，無法解釋怎麼會坐輪椅在路口等待，研判可能記憶力退化了，允諾會帶阿嬤去看醫生檢查。

警方則叮嚀家屬，可讓阿嬤配戴愛心手鍊，或是在衣物標明聯絡方式，防止下次發生同樣狀況時可即時提供協助。

journalist: 許國楨

things: 台語 長照

title: 9旬嬤路口神遊答非所問 警苦思對策巧遇阿嬤曾孫路過 - 驚爆新聞線 - 自由影音


content_text:
由於最近因全球武漢肺炎的影響，有許多人都回到台灣，但自3/19起入境者都必須進行居家檢疫，居家檢疫者需要有自己的生活空間，否則容易傳染給家人，抑或是居家檢疫者在台灣沒有固定的住宿都需要到外面尋找「防疫旅館」，這篇介紹的是台中針對居家檢疫者提供的解決方案，台中市推出的政策有兩項。

一、居家檢疫者在家中無獨立生活空間→家屬住旅館領5000元補助

二、無固定居所的居家檢疫者→申請「居家檢疫替代所」

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台中居家檢疫家屬補助FAQ

誰可以領台中居家檢疫家屬補助？

設籍台中市三個月以上
為受居家檢疫/居家隔離者的家屬（二親等內血親或姻親）
與受隔離者居住於同一住所
於隔離者期間開始日起連續入住台中市同一間合法旅宿

居家檢疫家屬補助多少錢？

每戶5,000元，補助一次為限，家裡有兩人須居家檢疫仍只能另一次5,000元。

如何申請/領居家檢疫家屬補助？

title: 台中市安心旅宿》居家檢疫家屬補助5000元！申請補助、旅館名單大公開（3/28更新）-CC's Journey-欣傳媒旅遊頻道


content_text:
In this Friday, April 3, 2020, photo, a tablet livestreams the funeral of J. Robert Coleman in Lexington, S.C. Following CDC guidelines during the cor...
 In this Friday, April 3, 2020, photo, a tablet livestreams the funeral of J. Robert Coleman in Lexington, S.C. Following CDC guidelines during the coronavirus outbreak, Thompson Funeral Homes asked Coleman's family to invite fewer than 10 people to his service. (AP Photo/Sarah Blake Morgan)

 In this April 3, 2020, photo, Eric Coleman sits in front of his father's casket during his funeral, in Lexington, S.C. J. Robert Coleman's widow and t...
 In this April 3, 2020, photo, Eric Coleman sits in front of his father's casket during his funeral, in Lexington, S.C. J. Robert Coleman's widow and three sons were spaced apart to follow social distancing guidelines during the coronavirus outbreak. (AP Photo/Sarah Blake Morgan)

 In this Friday, April 3, 2020 photo, a large bottle of hand sanitizer is available for guests inside the chapel at Woodridge Memorial Park in Lexingto...
 In this Friday, April 3, 2020 photo, a large bottle of hand sanitizer is available for guests inside the chapel at Woodridge Memorial Park in Lexington, S.C. A sign asked people refrain from shaking hands at the funeral, due to the coronavirus outbreak. (AP Photo/Sarah Blake Morgan)

 In this Friday, April 3, 2020, photo, a white rose is pinned to an empty chair during J. Robert Coleman's funeral in Lexington, S.C. Thompson Funeral ...
 In this Friday, April 3, 2020, photo, a white rose is pinned to an empty chair during J. Robert Coleman's funeral in Lexington, S.C. Thompson Funeral Homes added the flowers to represent the loved ones who couldn't attend in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic. (AP Photo/Sarah Blake Morgan)

 Lexington, South Carolina (AP) — No one stands in line to embrace the widow and share memories of her husband of 50 years. No rows of family and friends file toward the flag-draped coffin to pay their last respects. No symphony of sniffles is heard across the room as the minister gives a final prayer.
 Instead, a handful of people are scattered across one chapel row as if they're strangers, not blood. White roses are pinned to empty chairs, representing those who couldn’t be there. An iPad on a tripod livestreams the service for people stuck at home across state lines.
 “This is going to be a different experience for all of us,” the minister tells the half-dozen people gathered at a South Carolina funeral home to celebrate the life of J. Robert Coleman, an Army veteran, husband to Gloria, father to three sons and grandfather to three children. "But one thing that will be common is that as we conduct this service today, we’re going to open with a prayer.”
 Unspoken was the reason this funeral, and untold others across the world, is different: The coronavirus outbreak, stay-at-home orders and the rules of social distancing are dramatically altering the way families and communities mourn the passing of loved ones.
 “It’s hard enough to lose a loved one, but then to have the traditions that usually bring comfort at a time like this seemingly not available just kind of compounds the grief that families feel,” said Justin Baxley, of Woodridge Memorial Park & Funeral Home.
 Like most funeral homes, Woodridge is limiting the number of people allowed for services. Many families find it hard to choose which loved ones will be invited to the in-person gathering and which will be relegated to watch via livestream, if at all.
 But Coleman's family said in their case, travel restrictions due to the virus and the nature of their small, close-knit family made following the fewer-than-10-people mandate simple. John Coleman said those who mattered most to his dad were there - his wife, Gloria, and his sons. The only one missing was his beloved dog, Bandit.
 “That’s the most important," Coleman said. "We weren’t brought up to care if we were around a big group.”
 Robert Coleman died suddenly last week. One of his sons found him at home in Columbia. The family said he went peacefully, possibly of a heart attack, but because the 69-year-old had complained of chest pain the day before, he was tested for COVID-19.
 Days later, the test came back negative. But regardless of the cause of death, funerals still must abide by rules aimed at preventing any possible exposure to the virus.
 At Woodridge Memorial Park, a bottle of hand sanitizer and a sign asking guests to kindly refrain from handshaking now sits beside the guestbook. Chairs are spaced apart. Much of the funeral planning among family and staff is done via video chat. And the demand for livestreaming services has skyrocketed.
 At Coleman's funeral, most of his family chose to sit in the front row, but a sister-in-law, citing social distance, made her way alone to the back. During the service, Gloria Coleman cried and pulled down her sunglasses, hiding her eyes. With the chairs separated, her sons couldn't reach out to comfort her.
 “Your husband, your father, a model of faithfulness for you," Pastor Brett DeYoung said in his brief remarks. "Now it’s time for you to continue that legacy by modeling that integrity and faithfulness to your family and friends.”
 The family followed the casket outside, where two uniformed soldiers waited to honor Coleman’s service to his country — a ritual usually held inside, but moved to follow guidelines. A bugler played taps, and Gloria accepted a folded American flag.
 John Coleman's wife and kids didn't make the trip from their Florida home. They were able to watch the livestream to say goodbye. Coleman said the family had to plan the funeral while watching headlines about the novel coronavirus, and he doesn't want to live in fear - that's why he invited The Associated Press to document their grieving.
 He'll send the recording of the service to his dad's buddies from working for decades in the aerospace industry. And he'll head back home to his family.
 “We’ll say a prayer with them, and it will be what it is for the moment.”
 ___
 Follow Sarah Blake Morgan at www.twitter.com/StorytellerSBM.
 Follow AP news coverage of the coronavirus pandemic at https://apnews.com/VirusOutbreak and https://apnews.com/UnderstandingtheOutbreak.

journalist: By Sarah Blake Morgan , Associated Press, Associated Press

title: At funerals in virus outbreak, mourning is from a distance


content_text:
FILE - In this April 3, 2020, file photo President Donald Trump arrives to speak about the coronavirus in the James Brady Press Briefing Room of the W...
 FILE - In this April 3, 2020, file photo President Donald Trump arrives to speak about the coronavirus in the James Brady Press Briefing Room of the White House in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon, File)

 President Donald Trump speaks about the coronavirus in the James Brady Press Briefing Room of the White House, Wednesday, April 1, 2020, in Washington...
 President Donald Trump speaks about the coronavirus in the James Brady Press Briefing Room of the White House, Wednesday, April 1, 2020, in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)

 President Donald Trump speaks in front of the U.S. Navy hospital ship USNS Comfort at Naval Station Norfolk in Norfolk, Va., Saturday, March 28, 2020....
 President Donald Trump speaks in front of the U.S. Navy hospital ship USNS Comfort at Naval Station Norfolk in Norfolk, Va., Saturday, March 28, 2020. The ship is departing for New York to assist hospitals responding to the coronavirus outbreak. Defense Secretary Mark Esper is at right. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)

 President Donald Trump holds his hand to his face as he talks about masks during a briefing about the coronavirus in the Rose Garden of the White Hous...
 President Donald Trump holds his hand to his face as he talks about masks during a briefing about the coronavirus in the Rose Garden of the White House, Monday, March 30, 2020, in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)

 President Donald Trump and Defense Secretary Mark Esper arrive to speak in front of the U.S. Navy hospital ship USNS Comfort at Naval Station Norfolk ...
 President Donald Trump and Defense Secretary Mark Esper arrive to speak in front of the U.S. Navy hospital ship USNS Comfort at Naval Station Norfolk in Norfolk, Va., Saturday, March 28, 2020. The ship is departing for New York to assist hospitals responding to the coronavirus outbreak. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)

 WASHINGTON (AP) — Is he a wartime president or a backup point man? President Donald Trump seems to go back and forth on that, or both ways at once, in responding to the coronavirus pandemic that takes more lives by the hour.
 In his recent rhetoric, the president who declared “It's a war” and invoked wartime powers enabling him to direct the production and shipment of critical medical supplies sought to avoid responsibility for persistent shortages. “The federal government,” he told New York's governor, “is merely a back-up for state governments.” Meantime the government changed its online description of the national stockpile to put state responsibility more front and center.
 And after public-health authorities warned that infection and death are spreading at a needlessly fast rate because Americans are not respecting social-distancing guidelines as they should, Trump incongruously asserted we should all be “thrilled” with how that's going. Separately, he bragged inaccurately about his Facebook followers.
 A look at how some statements over the past week compare with the facts:
 THE THREAT
 TRUMP, on a warning that had just been delivered by Dr. Deborah Birx of the coronavirus task force that more Americans need to heed distancing steps ordered by many states and recommended by Washington: “She wasn’t referring to our country, she was referring to one state.” — briefing Thursday.
 THE FACTS: No, she was talking about more Americans overall needing to keep away from each other. More specifically, Birx said the outbreak would not be spreading by now in areas with low infection rates if everyone were following the guidelines. Instead, officials are now seeing cases of people who were infected after the guidelines took effect.
 “This should not be happening any longer in new places if people are doing the social distancing, washing their hands, not getting together in large groups more than 10,” she said at the briefing where Trump then tried to tamp down her warning out of his concern about the “headlines tomorrow.”
 Birx said: “We see Spain, we see Italy, we see France, we see Germany. When we see others beginning to bend their curves, we can bend ours. But it means everybody has to take that same responsibility as Americans.” Bending the curve means flattening out the rate of increase in cases.
 She added: "Yes. There are states that are dead flat. But, you know, every — what changes the curve is a new Detroit, a new Chicago, a new New Orleans, a new Colorado.”
 ___
 TRUMP: “Four weeks ago, we had the greatest economy in the history of the world. The greatest in the world — greatest in the history of the world." — briefing Thursday.
 THE FACTS: Not true. The economy was healthy back then but not the best in U.S. history, much less world history.
 Economic gains largely followed along the lines of an expansion that started more than a decade ago under President Barack Obama. And while posting great job and stock market numbers, Trump never managed to achieve the rates of economic growth he promised in the 2016 campaign. The U.S. economy was not the world’s best in history when this started.
 ___
 TRUMP, going back to that period four weeks ago: “And then, one day, I get a call from Deborah, who’s fantastic, and from Dr. Fauci. And he said and she said, ‘We have a problem. I said, ’What’s the problem?' And they said, ‘We may have to close it up.’ I said, ‘Close what up?’ They said, ‘Close up the country.’ And I said, ‘What’s that all about?’” — briefing Thursday.
 THE FACTS: You'd think that Trump was just learning about the outbreak from Birx and Dr. Anthony Fauci of the National Institutes of Health in the phone call. That's not the case.
 Trump knew the U.S. had “a problem” well before that timeline of roughly early March.
 By then the U.S. had restricted travel from abroad, experienced its first coronavirus infections and was told to expect the outbreak to spread in the country. The World Health Organization declared a global health emergency Jan. 30.
 ___
 VICE PRESIDENT MIKE PENCE: "I don’t believe the president has ever belittled the threat of the coronavirus.” — CNN interview Wednesday.
 MITCH McCONNELL, Senate majority leader: The coronavirus crisis “came up while we were tied down in the impeachment trial. And I think it diverted the attention of the government, because everything, every day was all about impeachment.” — interview Tuesday with radio host Hugh Hewitt.
 THE FACTS: While Pence claims Trump always treated the virus threat seriously, McConnell suggests Trump may not have because he was distracted by impeachment. Neither claim is credible.
 Trump says he would not have done anything faster on the virus, absent impeachment. And he actually belittled the coronavirus threat repeatedly from January to mid-March, maintaining his position even after the Senate acquitted him Feb. 5 in his impeachment trial. He dismissed the threat as a small number of U.S. cases that were under “control” and would fall to zero by April.
 On Feb. 10, he asserted “we’re in great shape ... we have 12 cases” and told Fox Business it will be fine because “in April, supposedly, it dies with the hotter weather. And that’s a beautiful date to look forward to.”
 “When you have 15 people, and the 15 within a couple of days is going to be down to close to zero, that’s a pretty good job we’ve done,” he said Feb. 26. A day later he said: “It’s going to disappear. One day — it’s like a miracle — it will disappear,"
 “It’s got the world aflutter, but it’ll work out,” Trump told the National Association of Counties on March 3. Along the way, he said Democrats who were calling on him to do more were perpetuating a hoax.
 On March 9, he tweeted the 546 cases and 22 deaths experienced by then in the U.S. were no reason to take drastic steps: “Nothing is shut down, life & the economy go on."
 Trump now acknowledges the U.S. could see 100,000 to 240,000 deaths from the pandemic even if current distancing guidelines are maintained. When asked Tuesday if impeachment proceedings had distracted him from the U.S. coronavirus response, he said, “I don’t think I would have acted any differently or I don’t think I would have acted any faster.”
 ___
 SOCIAL MEDIA
 TRUMP: “I have, you know, hundreds of millions of people. Number one on Facebook. Did you know I was number one on Facebook? I mean, I just found out I’m number one on Facebook. I thought that was very nice for whatever it means.” — news briefing Wednesday.
 THE FACTS: It doesn't mean anything because it's not true. He's nowhere close to No. 1.
 Trump has 29 million followers on Facebook, far below former President Barack Obama, who has 54 million. Cristiano Ronaldo, the Portuguese soccer player, has 126 million.
 ___
 MEDICAL SUPPLIES
 TRUMP: “We’re a backup. We’re not an ordering clerk. We’re a backup.” — briefing Thursday.
 THE FACTS: He's not been completely consistent on what he regards the federal responsibility and his own as president to be.
 On one hand, he's called himself “in a sense, a wartime president," and maximizes every opportunity to take credit for silver linings in the crisis. But he does not want to be blamed for things that go wrong.
 He went to Norfolk, Virginia, to give a presidential send-off to the Comfort, the Navy hospital ship, as it set sail for New York City, where its main function is to house non-COVID-19 patients to relieve pressure on city hospitals.
 He tapped the rarely invoked Defense Production Act, though so far he has used it more as a tool of persuasion than as a means to order the private sector to manufacture more of what the country needs. But he has resisted calls to issue a national stay-at-home order and says primary responsibility for emergency supplies belongs to the states.
 On Friday, the Health and Human Services Department revised its description of the Strategic National Stockpile to play down its utility in the pandemic. The new wording showed up a day after Jared Kushner, Trump's son-in-law and adviser, said the federal stockpile is “supposed to be our stockpile," meaning the federal government's. “It's not supposed to be states’ stockpiles that they then use.””
 ___
 TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS
 TRUMP: “I stopped some very, very infected, very, very sick people, thousands coming in from China long earlier than anybody thought, including the experts. Nobody thought we should do it except me. And I stopped everybody. We stopped it cold.” — interview Monday with “Fox & Friends.”
 PENCE: “The president suspended all travel from China in January.” — interview Wednesday with CNN.
 THE FACTS: Trump didn’t “stop cold” all the people infected with coronavirus from entering the U.S. with a ban of all travel from China. There were gaps in containment and initial delays in testing, leading to the U.S. rising to No. 1 globally in the number of people infected by COVID-19.
 Nor did Trump decide on his own to impose travel restrictions on China — he followed a consensus recommendation by his public-health advisers.
 His order in late January temporarily barred entry by foreign nationals who had traveled in China within the previous 14 days, with exceptions for the immediate family of U.S. citizens and permanent residents. Americans returning from China were allowed back for two more weeks. They were given enhanced screenings. But screenings can miss people who are carrying the virus but showing no symptoms.
 ___
 MORTALITY
 TRUMP: “So we have more cases than anybody, but we’re doing really well, and we also have a very low — relative to other countries — very low mortality rate. And there are reasons for that.” — interview Monday with “Fox & Friends.”
 TRUMP: “We've been doing more test — tests than any other country anywhere in the world. It's one of the reasons that we have more cases than other countries, because we've been testing. It's also one of the reasons that we're just about the lowest in terms of mortality rate.” — news briefing on March 29.
 THE FACTS: His suggestion that the U.S. response is better than other countries' because its mortality rate is “just about the lowest” is unsupported and misleading.
 It’s too early to know the real death rate from COVID-19 in any country. Look at a count kept by Johns Hopkins University, and you can divide the number of reported cases by the number of recorded deaths. But that math provides a completely unreliable measurement of death rates, and the Johns Hopkins tally is not intended to be that.
 First, the count changes every day as new infections and deaths are recorded.
 More important, every country is testing differently. Knowing the real denominator, the true number of people who become infected, is key to determining what portion of them die. Some countries, the U.S. among them, have had trouble making enough tests available. When there’s a shortage of tests, the sickest get tested first. And even with a good supply of tests, someone who’s otherwise healthy and has mild symptoms may not be tested and thus go uncounted.
 The result is a hodgepodge of numbers that get sorted out as the crisis diminishes. Indeed, initial death rates were thought to be as high as 4% in parts of China. But a report published Monday in The Lancet Infectious Diseases calculated that 1.38% actually is the best estimate of deaths among confirmed cases across China and that accounting for unconfirmed cases could drop that rate below 1%.
 Early on Fauci estimated that the death rate in the U.S. might hit around 1%, which would be 10 times higher than mortality from a typical flu season.
 ___
 FEDERAL AID FOR STATES
 TRUMP: “I get on calls, and I get on a lot of the governor calls where we’ll have all 50 governors plus where we have some territories also, but we have 50 governors. And I’ll tell you what, if you could listen to those calls, you’d never hear a complaint.” — interview with “Fox & Friends.”
 THE FACTS: That's false, by his own accounting. He's complained about the complaints of governors. And The Associated Press has heard governors complaining to Trump privately on the phone.
 “Some of these governors take, take, take and then they complain,” Trump groused in an interview Thursday on Fox News Channel’s “Hannity." Of Democratic Gov. Gretchen Whitmer of Michigan, he said, “All she does is sit there and blame the federal government.” And he said Washington Gov. Jay Inslee, also a Democrat, "should be doing more," adding, “He's always complaining.”
 “You know,” Trump said from the White House, “we don’t like to see the complaints.”
 On a private conference call Thursday with governors, Inslee urged Trump to use his full authority to spur production of necessary medical equipment, according to an audio recording of the call obtained by the AP. Trump replied that the federal government is merely the “backup.”
 “I don't want you to be the backup quarterback; we need you to be Tom Brady here," Inslee replied, invoking the football star.
 The nation’s governors have been pressing the president to do more to bolster supplies, despite the perceived risks of speaking out. They have pleaded with him to use the Defense Production Act to force companies to manufacture critical equipment and begged for help in obtaining supplies like masks and testing agents.
 Later in the week, Trump revised his complaint about the attitude of governors. He said some say nice things when he talks to them directly and get negative when they're on TV.
 ___
 TRUMP, on why he thinks South Korea does more COVID-19 testing per capita than the U.S.: “I know South Korea better than anybody. It's a — very tight. Do you know how many people are in Seoul? Do you know how big the city of Seoul is? Thirty-eight million people.” — news briefing Monday.
 THE FACTS: That's wrong. The city of Seoul has a population of 10 million. Seoul's greater metropolitan area is home to 25 million people, still far from Trump's assertion of 38 million. South Korea's population is 51 million.
 ___
 Associated Press writers Lauran Neergaard and Matthew Perrone in Washington, Alan Suderman in Richmond, Va., and Amanda Seitz in Chicago contributed to this report.
 ___
 EDITOR'S NOTE — A look at the veracity of claims by political figures.
 ___
 Find AP Fact Checks at http://apne.ws/2kbx8bd
 Follow @APFactCheck on Twitter: https://twitter.com/APFactCheck

journalist: By HOPE YEN and CALVIN WOODWARD , Associated Press, Associated Press

references: Facebook Twitter

title: AP FACT CHECK: Trump, 'wartime' pandemic leader or 'backup'?


content_text:
A body wrapped in plastic is prepared to be loaded onto a refrigerated container truck used as a temporary morgue by medical workers due to COVID-19 c...
 A body wrapped in plastic is prepared to be loaded onto a refrigerated container truck used as a temporary morgue by medical workers due to COVID-19 concerns, Tuesday, March 31, 2020, at Brooklyn Hospital Center in the Brooklyn borough of New York. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/John Minchillo)

 A body wrapped in plastic is prepared to be loaded onto a refrigerated container truck used as a temporary morgue by medical workers due to COVID-19 c...
 A body wrapped in plastic is prepared to be loaded onto a refrigerated container truck used as a temporary morgue by medical workers due to COVID-19 concerns, Tuesday, March 31, 2020, at Brooklyn Hospital Center in the Brooklyn borough of New York. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/John Minchillo)

 A body wrapped in plastic is loaded onto a refrigerated container truck used as a temporary morgue by medical workers wearing personal protective equi...
 A body wrapped in plastic is loaded onto a refrigerated container truck used as a temporary morgue by medical workers wearing personal protective equipment due to COVID-19 concerns, Tuesday, March 31, 2020, at Brooklyn Hospital Center in the Brooklyn borough of New York. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/John Minchillo)

 Bodies wrapped in plastic are loaded on to a refrigerated container truck operating as a makeshift morgue while being handled by medical workers weari...
 Bodies wrapped in plastic are loaded on to a refrigerated container truck operating as a makeshift morgue while being handled by medical workers wearing personal protective equipment due to COVID-19 concerns, Tuesday, March 31, 2020, at Brooklyn Hospital Center in the Brooklyn borough of New York. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/John Minchillo)

 Refrigerated trailers are seen parked at the site of a makeshift morgue being built in New York, Wednesday, March 25, 2020. New York officials are ke...
 Refrigerated trailers are seen parked at the site of a makeshift morgue being built in New York, Wednesday, March 25, 2020. New York officials are keeping a close eye on already-stressed hospitals as the number of cases is projected to rise for perhaps three more weeks. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)

 A body wrapped in plastic is loaded onto a refrigerated container truck used as a temporary morgue by medical workers wearing personal protective equi...
 A body wrapped in plastic is loaded onto a refrigerated container truck used as a temporary morgue by medical workers wearing personal protective equipment due to COVID-19 concerns, Tuesday, March 31, 2020, at Brooklyn Hospital Center in the Brooklyn borough of New York. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/John Minchillo)

 Construction workers are seen at the site of a makeshift morgue being built in New York, Wednesday, March 25, 2020. New York officials are keeping a c...
 Construction workers are seen at the site of a makeshift morgue being built in New York, Wednesday, March 25, 2020. New York officials are keeping a close eye on already-stressed hospitals as the number of cases is projected to rise for perhaps three more weeks.The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)

 A spanish UME (Emergency Army Unit) soldier walks out of Madrid's ice rink turned into a temporary morgue due the COVID-19 crisis in Madrid, Spain, Mo...
 A spanish UME (Emergency Army Unit) soldier walks out of Madrid's ice rink turned into a temporary morgue due the COVID-19 crisis in Madrid, Spain, Monday, March 23, 2020. As cases in China ebbed, the dangers to Europe and the U.S. have grown exponentially, although Germany on Monday cautiously reported some flattening of its infection curve. More than 1.5 billion around the world have been told to stay in their homes. For most people, the new coronavirus causes only mild or moderate symptoms. For some it can cause a more serious illness. (AP Photo/Bernat Armangue)

 Police officers stand in front of Madrid's ice rink turned into a temporary morgue due the COVID-19 crisis in Madrid, Spain, Tuesday, March 24, 2020. ...
 Police officers stand in front of Madrid's ice rink turned into a temporary morgue due the COVID-19 crisis in Madrid, Spain, Tuesday, March 24, 2020. Madrid's ice-skating rink is now being used as a makeshift morgue given the rapid increase in deaths in the Spanish capital. For some people the COVID-19 coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms, but for some, it can cause severe illness, especially in older adults and people with existing health problems. (AP Photo/Manu Fernandez)

 A spanish UME (Emergency Army Unit) soldier drives into Madrid's ice rink turned into a temporary morgue due the COVID-19 crisis in Madrid, Spain, Mon...
 A spanish UME (Emergency Army Unit) soldier drives into Madrid's ice rink turned into a temporary morgue due the COVID-19 crisis in Madrid, Spain, Monday, March 23, 2020. As cases in China ebbed, the dangers to Europe and the U.S. have grown exponentially, although Germany on Monday cautiously reported some flattening of its infection curve. More than 1.5 billion around the world have been told to stay in their homes. For most people, the new coronavirus causes only mild or moderate symptoms. For some it can cause a more serious illness. (AP Photo/Bernat Armangue)

 PHILADELPHIA (AP) — There are the new dead. And then there are the bodies waiting in overcrowded mortuaries to be buried as cities struggle to meet demand and families wrestle with rules on social distancing that make the usual funeral rituals impossible.
 Med Alliance Group, a medical distributor in Illinois, is besieged by calls and emails from cities around the country. Each asks the same thing: Send more refrigerated trailers so that we can handle a situation we never could have imagined.
 “They’re coming from all over: From hospitals, health systems, coroner’s offices, VA facilities, county and state health departments, state emergency departments and funeral homes,” said Christie Penzol, a spokeswoman for Med Alliance. “It’s heart-wrenching.”
 The company has rented all its trailers and there's an 18-week wait for new materials to build more, she said.
 With U.S. medical experts and even President Donald Trump now estimating the death toll from the coronavirus pandemic could reach 240,000 nationwide, the sheer practicalities of death — where to put the bodies — are worrying just about everyone as cities, hospitals and private medical groups clamor to secure additional storage.
 The need is compounded by private mortuary space that is occupied longer than usual as people wait to bury their loved ones— regardless of how they died— because rules on social distancing make planning funerals difficult.
 It's a crisis being repeated worldwide.
 In Spain, where the death toll has climbed to nearly 12,000, an ice rink in Madrid was turned into a makeshift morgue after the city’s municipal funeral service said it could no longer take coronavirus bodies until it was restocked with protective equipment. In Italy, embalmed bodies in caskets are being sent to church halls and warehouses while they await cremation or burial.
 And in the coastal Ecuadorian city of Guayaquil, macabre images and pleas from families on social media show dead loved ones wrapped in plastic or cloth, waiting for days to be taken away by overwhelmed morgue workers.
 In the U.S. epicenter of New York City, where the death toll was nearly 1,900 on Saturday, authorities brought in refrigerated trucks to store bodies. At Brooklyn Hospital Center, a worker wheeled out a body covered in white plastic on a gurney and a forklift operator carefully raised it into a refrigerated trailer.
 Cities and states that haven't been hard-hit yet are trying to prepare for the worst.
 It's hard to say exactly how much morgue space is available nationwide. Many cities and counties submit emergency preparedness plans for review by state and federal officials, but tallies aren't always complete and private mortuaries aren't always included. Trade groups like the National Association of Medical Examiners don't track those capacities either.
 But, in general, few morgues in the country can hold even 200 to 300 bodies.
 In Washington, D.C., which has a morgue that can hold about 270 bodies, officials said they would seek help from federal partners if needed. Dallas has a plan for refrigerated space as part of its emergency preparedness efforts. And Chicago is already using a trailer outside the medical examiner's office for the bodies of coronavirus victims, and may use a refrigerated warehouse if needed.
 Meanwhile, the Federal Emergency Management Agency has asked the Defense Department for 100,000 body bags, Pentagon spokesman Air Force Lt. Col. Michael Andrews said Thursday.
 On a daily basis, the system works at essentially full capacity in most jurisdictions, said Robert A. Jensen, co-owner of Kenyon International Emergency Services, a private disaster response company based in Texas.
 "They're not made for surge. They're made to handle the daily numbers," said Jensen, whose company has helped with mass fatality incidents from 9/11 to Hurricane Katrina to the 2004 tsunami in Thailand, all of which involved using refrigerated trucks to store bodies.
 In Pennsylvania, the state coroner's association is working to figure out resources and help with what will likely be regional planning.
 Brian Abernathy, Philadelphia's Managing Director, said the city had secured refrigerated trucks to help with any overflow storage needed for bodies. The city had reported 26 deaths as of Friday.
 “This isn't because we expect a large influx of people succumbing to the illness, but rather it's likely that there will be fewer funerals, which will cause backups in both our city morgues as well as the hospital morgues,” Abernathy said.
 Brian Murphy, the CEO of Arctic Industries, which manufactures walk-in coolers and quick-assemble modular structures in Miami and Los Angeles, said he is getting calls seeking help. In the past, most clients were from the food industry, but with restaurants shuttered, calls about mortuary needs have risen.
 He says his company is prioritizing work related to COVID-19 and is considering working more hours to meet needs.
 "Everything is very much in flux," Murphy said.
 The families of the dead, meanwhile, are making do.
 Rosina Argondizzo of Glenview, Illinois, was buried in March with just a priest and four people present: her husband of 58 years, her son Peter, his wife and their son. Another son who lives in Italy didn’t travel. Peter Argondizzo said his 79-year-old mother, who died after contracting pneumonia and the flu, would have had a very different funeral in normal times.
 “We’re Italian so it would have been a lot of people. ... It would have been big,” he said, adding they would have hosted a meal in her honor, something they now hope to do at a later date. “She would have wanted everyone to have been well-fed.”
 David Dittman said he inquired about waiting to hold a funeral for his 94-year-old mother, Ruth, who died after battling cancer, so more family could attend.
 But the funeral home handling arrangements in Connecticut didn’t want to hold the body for more than two weeks.
 He said he understood: “Especially with this rush of people that may be coming at them. They may be overwhelmed, you know."
 ___
 Gresko reported from Arlington, Virginia. Associated Press writers Colleen Long and Robert Burns in Washington and Jennifer Peltz in New York contributed to this report.

journalist: By CLAUDIA LAUER and JESSICA GRESKO, Associated Press

title: Where will the bodies go? Morgues plan as virus grows


content_text:
This undated image provided by LifeBridge Health shows masks being made in Baltimore. LifeBridge converted a building completed a year ago in the Balt...
 This undated image provided by LifeBridge Health shows masks being made in Baltimore. LifeBridge converted a building completed a year ago in the Baltimore suburbs into a factory to produce masks, with some of the fabric coming from Under Armor, which is based in the state. LifeBridge’s head of oncology, who sews, trained 40 staff members how to make masks. (Scott Wendler/LifeBridge Health via AP)

 This undated image provided by LifeBridge Health shows masks being made in Baltimore. LifeBridge converted a building completed a year ago in the Balt...
 This undated image provided by LifeBridge Health shows masks being made in Baltimore. LifeBridge converted a building completed a year ago in the Baltimore suburbs into a factory to produce masks, with some of the fabric coming from Under Armor, which is based in the state. (Scott Wendler/LifeBridge Health via AP)

 This undated image provided by LifeBridge Health shows masks being made in Baltimore. LifeBridge converted a building completed a year ago in the Balt...
 This undated image provided by LifeBridge Health shows masks being made in Baltimore. LifeBridge converted a building completed a year ago in the Baltimore suburbs into a factory to produce masks, with some of the fabric coming from Under Armor, which is based in the state. (Scott Wendler/LifeBridge Health via AP)

 This undated image provided by LifeBridge Health shows masks being made in Baltimore. LifeBridge converted a building completed a year ago in the Balt...
 This undated image provided by LifeBridge Health shows masks being made in Baltimore. LifeBridge converted a building completed a year ago in the Baltimore suburbs into a factory to produce masks, with some of the fabric coming from Under Armor, which is based in the state. (Scott Wendler/LifeBridge Health via AP)

 In this Thursday, April 2, 2020, photo Dr. Daniel Durand, Chief Innovation Officer at Lifebridge Health, speaks during an interview with The Associate...
 In this Thursday, April 2, 2020, photo Dr. Daniel Durand, Chief Innovation Officer at Lifebridge Health, speaks during an interview with The Associated Press in Randallstown, Md. As just one example of what states and hospitals face, Durand said coveted N-95 face masks that used to cost less than a dollar each can't be found for less than $3.70. (AP Photo/Susan Walsh)

 In this Thursday, April 2, 2020, photo Dr. Daniel Durand, Chief Innovation Officer at Lifebridge Health, right, and Pothik Chatterjee, Executive Direc...
 In this Thursday, April 2, 2020, photo Dr. Daniel Durand, Chief Innovation Officer at Lifebridge Health, right, and Pothik Chatterjee, Executive Director of Innovation and Research at Lifebridge Health, left, pose for a portrait in Randallstown, Md. (AP Photo/Susan Walsh)

 In this Thursday, April 2, 2020, photo Dr. Daniel Durand, Chief Innovation Officer at Lifebridge Health, speaks during an interview with The Associate...
 In this Thursday, April 2, 2020, photo Dr. Daniel Durand, Chief Innovation Officer at Lifebridge Health, speaks during an interview with The Associated Press in Randallstown, Md. As just one example of what states and hospitals face, Durand said coveted N-95 face masks that used to cost less than a dollar each can't be found for less than $3.70. (AP Photo/Susan Walsh)

 In this Thursday, April 2, 2020, photo Pothik Chatterjee, Executive Director of Innovation and Research at Lifebridge Health, left, and Dr. Daniel Dur...
 In this Thursday, April 2, 2020, photo Pothik Chatterjee, Executive Director of Innovation and Research at Lifebridge Health, left, and Dr. Daniel Durand, Chief Innovation Officer at Lifebridge Health, right, pose for a portrait in Randallstown, Md. (AP Photo/Susan Walsh)

 ANNAPOLIS, Md. (AP) — Cutthroat suppliers, shady middlemen, phantom shipments, prices soaring by the hour.
 What sounds like an organized-crime thriller is actually the new world of government purchasing amid the coronavirus pandemic.
 Increasingly in recent days, governors across the U.S. have described in unbelievable terms the dog-eat-dog global marketplace they have had to navigate for the protective gear doctors, nurses and other front-line medical workers need as they brace for an expected wave of patients afflicted with severe cases of the new coronavirus.
 They are competing against other states, countries and even their own federal government. And here's what they find: Ventilators quickly doubling in cost. Face masks going for 10 times their original price.
 That has led many governors to call on the Trump administration to centralize the purchases, so far to no avail.
 “It is the greatest frustration," said Maryland Gov. Larry Hogan, a Republican who heads the National Governors Association. "We have states out competing on the open markets with totally uneven distribution of these things, and now the federal government competing with us — and other countries competing against us — and then a very limited supply of all of these things and no real coordination of where it’s going.”
 Hogan said there has been progress from the Federal Emergency Management Agency distributing supplies from the nation's dwindling stockpile, but he described it as a “tiny percentage” of what is needed."
 “We’ve been buying up everything that we can possibly get our hands on in the open market all over — not just domestically, but all over the world, from places like Korea and China and other places,” he said.
 It's not just governments competing with each other for the precious and ever-pricier supplies. States also sometimes compete with their own hospital systems, which are trying to get direct shipments so they can quickly resupply their medical workers.
 It's happening in Hogan's own state. Hospital employees like Dr. Daniel Durand, a physician for a hospital system in Maryland, now have a role they never imagined overseeing purchases in a market gone haywire.
 As just one example of what states and hospitals face, Durand said coveted N95 face masks that used to cost less than a dollar each can't be found for less than $3.70. And that's a bargain: Plenty of buyers are willing to pay much more — up to $10 apiece.
 He said some middlemen threaten to take their products to another hospital when he starts asking basic questions.
 “And then what I’m hearing is that people are paying millions for shipments and nothing’s showing up," said Durand, who is the chairman of radiology for LifeBridge Health's five hospitals. "So, there are just totally people scamming hospitals. It hasn’t happened to us yet, but it can happen to anybody in this type of scenario.”
 Virginia Secretary of Finance Aubrey Layne vets suppliers for that state's medical gear and said they have to deal with people with questionable qualifications, and with little time to determine whether they are qualified or trustworthy.
 "Everybody knows somebody who knows somebody in China," he said.
 Earlier this week, President Donald Trump acknowledged that the federal stockpile is nearly depleted, signaling that states will remain largely on their own just as the death toll begins to spike. Many governors have been complaining for weeks that they have not received the shipments they requested from the nation's supply, part of the reason they have been trying to acquire the equipment on their own and have been thrust into a brutal competition for scarce supplies.
 Middlemen and suppliers are taking advantage of their desperation: Smaller ventilators that had been selling for $11,000 to $14,000 are now going for $20,000 to $30,000, said Christian Mitchell, deputy governor in Democratic Illinois Gov. J.B. Pritzker’s administration. More deluxe models that had topped out at $45,000 now cost $20,000 more.
 Mitchell says the states have no choice but to pay it.
 “We've all been left to our own devices,” he said. “Your choices are between, ‘Do I get enough of the stuff that I need to protect my front-line health care workers, do I get enough ventilators to make sure that more people get to stay alive. Or do people die?’”
 Big states like California have an advantage because their sheer size gives them massive purchasing power that others lack. California Gov. Gavin Newsom says he doesn't want that leverage to hurt smaller states and has reached out to Washington, Illinois, New Jersey and others about creating a partnership to centralize their purchases.
 “Much of what you’re hearing is true in terms of it being the Wild Wild West out there,” Newsom said.
 Small states, like New Hampshire, are at a disadvantage.
 “We are competing as a state with other states in the market, and I’m sorry, New Hampshire does not have the scale to compete with the state of New York, with the state of Illinois," said Brendan Williams, president of the New Hampshire Health Care Association, which represents the state’s nursing homes.
 “If it’s just going to be this sort of Darwinian free-for-all, like ‘Lord of the Flies' ... I don’t know what to say. It’s absolutely unconscionable. It’s unimaginable that this is where we are at right now.”
 Some states are working with private manufacturers to convert buildings so they can produce their own medical equipment. Maryland is among them, said Ellington Churchill, who oversees the state’s Department of General Services.
 “You look to provide it for yourself,” he said.
 LifeBridge Health is among those taking matters into its own hands.
 It converted a building in the Baltimore suburbs into a factory to produce masks. LifeBridge’s head of oncology, who sews, trained 40 staff members how to make the masks, said Durand, the radiologist.
 “It’s like a half sewing factory, half surgery suite,” he said.
 ___
 Associated Press writers John Hanna in Topeka, Kansas; John O'Connor in Springfield, Illinois; Kathleen Ronayne in Sacramento, California; Holly Ramer in Concord, New Hampshire, and Alan Suderman in Richmond, Virginia, contributed to this report.
 ___
 Follow AP news coverage of the coronavirus pandemic at https://apnews.com/VirusOutbreak and https://apnews.com/UnderstandingtheOutbreak

journalist: By BRIAN WITTE , Associated Press, Associated Press

title: Hunt for medical supplies creates marketplace of desperation


content_text:
Relatives hug each other during a burial during the coronavirus outbreak at the Carabanchel cemetery in Madrid, Spain, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The ne...
 Relatives hug each other during a burial during the coronavirus outbreak at the Carabanchel cemetery in Madrid, Spain, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/Manu Fernandez)

 People jog and walk on a Paris street along the Seine river during a nationwide confinement to counter the Covid-19, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The new ...
 People jog and walk on a Paris street along the Seine river during a nationwide confinement to counter the Covid-19, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena)

 People jogs an walk on a Paris street along the Seine river during a nationwide confinement to counter the Covid-19, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The new ...
 People jogs an walk on a Paris street along the Seine river during a nationwide confinement to counter the Covid-19, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena)

 A man crosses an empty street during a nationwide confinement to counter the Covid-19, in Paris, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The new coronavirus causes m...
 A man crosses an empty street during a nationwide confinement to counter the Covid-19, in Paris, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena)

 A man crosses a bridge during a nationwide confinement to counter the Covid-19, in Paris, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The new coronavirus causes mild or ...
 A man crosses a bridge during a nationwide confinement to counter the Covid-19, in Paris, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena)

 Relatives of Rafael Catalan Villasanti, 83, react during his burial during the coronavirus outbreak at the Carabanchel cemetery in Madrid, Spain, Satu...
 Relatives of Rafael Catalan Villasanti, 83, react during his burial during the coronavirus outbreak at the Carabanchel cemetery in Madrid, Spain, Saturday, April 4, 2020. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/Manu Fernandez)

 Coffins with the bodies of victims of coronavirus are stored waiting for burial or cremation at the Collserola morgue in Barcelona, Spain, Thursday, A...
 Coffins with the bodies of victims of coronavirus are stored waiting for burial or cremation at the Collserola morgue in Barcelona, Spain, Thursday, April 2, 2020. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/Emilio Morenatti)

 Medical personnel remove their personal protective equipment after delivering a bodies from the Wyckoff Heights Medical Center to refrigerated contai...
 Medical personnel remove their personal protective equipment after delivering a bodies from the Wyckoff Heights Medical Center to refrigerated containers parked outside, Thursday, April 2, 2020 in the Brooklyn borough of New York. As coronavirus hot spots and death tolls flared around the U.S., the nation's biggest city was the hardest hit of the all, with bodies loaded onto refrigerated morgue trucks by gurney and forklift outside overwhelmed hospitals, in full view of passing motorists. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)

 Medical personnel wearing personal protective equipment remove bodies from the Wyckoff Heights Medical Center Thursday, April 2, 2020 in the Brooklyn ...
 Medical personnel wearing personal protective equipment remove bodies from the Wyckoff Heights Medical Center Thursday, April 2, 2020 in the Brooklyn borough of New York. As coronavirus hot spots and death tolls flared around the U.S., the nation's biggest city was the hardest hit of the all, with bodies loaded onto refrigerated morgue trucks by gurney and forklift outside overwhelmed hospitals, in full view of passing motorists. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)

 workers move a coffin with the body of a victim of coronavirus as others coffins are stored waiting for burial or cremation at the Collserola morgue i...
 workers move a coffin with the body of a victim of coronavirus as others coffins are stored waiting for burial or cremation at the Collserola morgue in Barcelona, Spain, Thursday, April 2, 2020. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death. (AP Photo/Emilio Morenatti)

 Law enforcement officers close Howard Street to vehicular traffic as activists protest outside Moscone Center on Friday, April 3, 2020, in San Francis...
 Law enforcement officers close Howard Street to vehicular traffic as activists protest outside Moscone Center on Friday, April 3, 2020, in San Francisco. (AP Photo/Ben Margot)

 Vanderbilt playground in Brooklyn's Prospect Park is closed on Thursday, April 2, 2020, in New York. On Wenesday, New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo ordered a...
 Vanderbilt playground in Brooklyn's Prospect Park is closed on Thursday, April 2, 2020, in New York. On Wenesday, New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo ordered all of New York city's playgrounds shut to slow the spread of the coronavirus. The governor followed calls from public-health experts and many City Council members to shut the playgrounds as families gathered there. But the closures presented a new challenge for families weathering a lockdown that also closed schools. (AP Photo/Kathy Willens)

 As the number of infections has grown to more than 1.1 million worldwide, health care systems are straining under the surge of patients and lack of medical equipment like ventilators, protective masks and gloves. All of which has heightened concerns about the exposure of hospital personnel.
 In the U.S., governors are describing in stark terms the dog-eat-dog global marketplace they must navigate for the protective gear doctors, nurses and other front-line medical workers need as they brace for an expected wave of patients afflicted with severe cases of the new coronavirus.
 U.S. medical experts estimate the death toll from the coronavirus pandemic could reach 240,000 nationwide. The question of where to put the bodies is worrying just about everyone as cities, hospitals and private medical groups clamor to secure additional storage.
 Here are some of AP’s top stories Saturday on the pandemic. Follow APNews.com/VirusOutbreak for updates through the day and APNews.com/UnderstandingtheOutbreak for stories explaining some of its complexities.
 WHAT’S HAPPENING TODAY:
 —The president of the United Nations General Assembly says the 193-member world body will make a decision “in the coming month” on whether to delay the annual gathering of world leaders in New York in late September because of the coronavirus pandemic.
 —South Korea has extended government guidelines urging people to social distance to slow the spread of the coronavirus for two weeks as infections continue to grow in the densely populated Seoul metropolitan area. Prime Minster Chung Sye-kyun says rising infections are linked to recent arrivals amid broadening outbreaks in Europe and the U.S.
 —America’s armed services are struggling to get new recruits as families and communities hunker down. Recruiters scrounging for recruits online are often finding people too consumed with their own financial and health care worries to consider a military commitment right now.
 —The coronavirus pandemic could narrow one gaping inequality in Africa, where some heads of state and other elite jet off to Europe or Asia for health care unavailable in their nations. As countries including their own impose dramatic travel restrictions, they might have to take their chances at home.
 ___
 WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW:
 For most people, the coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms, such as a fever and cough that clear up in two to three weeks. For some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness, including pneumonia and death. The vast majority of people recover.
 Here are the symptoms of the virus compared with the common flu.
 One of the best ways to prevent spread of the virus is washing your hands with soap and water. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends first washing with warm or cold water and then lathering soap for 20 seconds to get it on the backs of hands, between fingers and under fingernails before rinsing off.
 You should wash your phone, too. Here’s how.
 TRACKING THE VIRUS:

 Drill down and zoom in at the individual county level, and you can access numbers that will show you the situation where you are, and where loved ones or people you’re worried about live.
 ___
 ONE NUMBER:

 4,000: Britain is temporarily releasing about 4,000 inmates to ease crowding and try to slow the spread of the new coronavirus in prisons.
 ___

 IN OTHER NEWS:
 — BODIES OVERWHELM SPAIN: With the death toll climbing to nearly 12,000, an ice rink in Madrid was turned into a makeshift morgue after the city’s municipal funeral service said it could no longer take coronavirus bodies until it was restocked with protective equipment.
 — SAYING GOODBYE AT A DISTANCE: Funeral homes across the U.S. are restricting the number of mourners at services. Many families find it hard to choose which loved ones will be invited to the in-person gathering and which will be relegated to watch via livestream, if at all.
 ___
 Follow AP coverage of the virus outbreak at https://apnews.com/VirusOutbreak and https://apnews.com/UnderstandingtheOutbreak

journalist: By The Associated Press, Associated Press

title: What you need to know today about the virus outbreak


content_text:
In this March 26, 2020, photo, relatives of Bella Lamilla the first person to be diagnosed with coronavirus in Ecuador, maintain quarantine in their h...
 In this March 26, 2020, photo, relatives of Bella Lamilla the first person to be diagnosed with coronavirus in Ecuador, maintain quarantine in their home in Babahoyo, Ecuador. The spreading global pandemic has tested the competing interests of public health and privacy, with thousands of individuals and families experiencing both physical illness and the less-discussed stigma that can come with it. While there are many stories about good deeds and people coming together, the coronavirus is also bringing out another, darker side of some people: Fear, anger, resentment and shaming. (AP Photo/Mariuxi Orellana)

 This 2019 photo provided by the Lamilla Family shows Bella Lamilla, a retired school teacher who was Ecuador's first confirmed coronavirus case. Even ...
 This 2019 photo provided by the Lamilla Family shows Bella Lamilla, a retired school teacher who was Ecuador's first confirmed coronavirus case. Even as Ecuador's coronavirus “patient zero” agonized in intensive care, strangers began tearing her reputation apart online. Lamilla is an example of how for patients and loved ones, coronavirus can come with stigma and re-victimization. (Courtesy of Lamilla Family via AP)

 BOGOTA, Colombia (AP) — No one should have known Bella Lamilla’s name.
 But within hours of her diagnosis as Ecuador’s coronavirus “patient zero,” it was circulating on social media along with photos showing the retired schoolteacher unconscious and intubated in a hospital bed. Her large, close-knit family watched in horror as a dual tragedy began to unfold: While Lamilla fought for her life in intensive care, strangers began tearing apart her reputation online.
 “Knowing she had it, the old lady didn’t care and went all around,” one person commented on Facebook.
 “It was ugly,” said Pedro Valenzuela, 22, Lamilla’s great-nephew. “It hurt a lot.”
 The spreading global pandemic has tested the competing interests of public health and privacy, with thousands of individuals and families experiencing both physical illness and the less-discussed stigma that can come with it. While there are many stories about good deeds and people coming together, the coronavirus is also bringing out another, darker side of some people: Fear, anger, resentment and shaming.
 In India, doctors have reported being evicted by landlords worried they’ll spread coronavirus to other tenants. In the town of St. Michel in Haiti, people stoned an orphanage after a Belgian volunteer was diagnosed. In Indonesia, an early coronavirus patient was subjected to cruel innuendo suggesting she contracted it through sex work.
 Psychologists say it harkens to an age-old instinct to protect oneself and relatives from catching a potentially fatal disease — and a belief, however unfounded, that those who get it bear some responsibility.
 “Illness is one of the fundamental fears humans have been dealing with their entire evolution,” said Jeff Sherman, a psychology professor at the University of California, Davis. “It’s not really surprising they would be hostile toward someone they believe is responsible for bringing illness into their community.”
 Bella Lamilla followed a daughter to Spain three years ago to enjoy retirement alongside three grandchildren in a sleepy Madrid suburb. At least once a year, she flew back to Ecuador, where a flock of relatives would greet her at the airport.
 On Feb. 14 she made the 12-hour flight to Ecuador and sailed through immigration, no questions asked, even though she'd started feeling feverish.
 Over the next week, relatives took her to two different local doctors, who dismissed her ailments as side effects of a urinary infection or a possible muscular problem, and finally to a private clinic in the city of Guayaquil. Struggling to breathe, Lamilla was put on a ventilator.
 After then-Health Minister Catalina Andramuño announced Ecuador’s first case in a live news conference, the rumors and fury almost immediately began swirling on social media.
 A medical document with Lamilla's name surfaced. So did photos and videos showing the petite woman with short blonde hair in a hospital bed. A map with addresses of the family's homes made the rounds. Facebook users dredged up old photographs of the family at a soccer game to imply they’d exposed thousands.
 “How irresponsible,” one man remarked on pictures of relatives celebrating Lamilla’s recent return before her diagnosis.
 A few family members defended Lamilla, while others, too distressed by the vitriol, avoided social media entirely. They knew Lamilla would have been mortified to discover she'd potentially spread it to relatives.
 “I couldn't look at anything," Lamilla's daughter said. “I didn't want to hurt my heart.”
 Patients elsewhere whose identities became public have endured similar attacks.
 Minutes after Indonesia announced its first two cases, the names of Sita Tyasutami and her mother leaked online with their phone numbers and home address. Hundreds of WhatsApp messages flooded in.
 People shared photos of Tyasutami, a 31-year-old professional dancer, shimmying in a feathered Brazilian samba bikini, and spread baseless speculation that she contracted the virus after being “rented” by a foreign male client.
 “My face is everywhere now, I can’t hide it,” she said.
 Studies show that when people link disease to behavior, they are more likely to blame the sick and ostracize them.
 A survey in Hong Kong several years after the 2003 SARS outbreak, another coronavirus that killed nearly 800, found a small portion of the population still held negative views of those who had contracted it.
 “Generally speaking, stigma of infectious diseases can be as devastating to the infected individuals as the diseases themselves,” the authors wrote.
 For most people the coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms like a fever and cough. But for others, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness, including pneumonia, and lead to death.
 Lamilla died Feb. 13. By that time, about a dozen relatives had tested positive.
 One of the most seriously ill, Lamilla’s youngest sister, Charito Lamilla, 61, began struggling to breathe. Relatives tried for two hours to get an ambulance — but none arrived.
 Provincial Gov. Camilo Salinas said later that an ambulance that should have been available was transporting a different coronavirus patient but got blocked by people who did not want it to reach the medical center, fearful of contagion.
 A day later Charito Lamilla became Ecuador's second coronavirus fatality.
 ___
 Associated Press journalists Victoria Milko and Edna Tarigan in Jakarta and Michael Weissenstein in Havana contributed to this report.

journalist: By CHRISTINE ARMARIO , Associated Press, Associated Press

title: Hidden suffering of coronavirus: Stigma, blaming, shaming


content_text:
The Latest on the effects of the coronavirus outbreak on sports around the world:
 Tajikistan has started a new soccer season, joining a small group of countries around the world where play has continued despite the coronavirus pandemic.
 Istiklol Dushanbe retained the Central Asian nation’s season-opening Super Cup on Saturday with a come-from-behind 2-1 win over Khujand.
 The game was played without fans and a large banner reading “stop coronavirus” in Tajik and Russian covered part of the stands.
 Players and staff from both teams mingled freely after the final whistle before officials hung medals around their necks and shook their hands.
 Professional soccer is only continuing in a few countries around the world, with Belarus, Nicaragua and Burundi among the holdouts, attracting interest from foreign fans and international gambling markets.
 Tajikistan has not reported any cases of the new coronavirus, according to a tally by Johns Hopkins University.
 ___
 More AP sports: https://apnews.com/apf-sports and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports

title: The Latest: Tajikistan starts soccer season


content_text:
Liverpool's goalkeeper Adrian, bottom, reacts after fails to save the ball as Atletico Madrid's Marcos Llorente scores his side's second goal during a...
 Liverpool's goalkeeper Adrian, bottom, reacts after fails to save the ball as Atletico Madrid's Marcos Llorente scores his side's second goal during a second leg, round of 16, Champions League soccer match between Liverpool and Atletico Madrid at Anfield stadium in Liverpool, England, Wednesday, March 11, 2020. (AP Photo/Jon Super)

 LIVERPOOL, England (AP) — Liverpool has become the latest Premier League club to use a government scheme to furlough some non-playing staff, with the competition having been suspended for almost four weeks due to the coronavirus pandemic.
 The announcement came as the Premier League was holding talks on Saturday with clubs, captains and managers to discuss possible wage cuts of 30% for players during the suspension.
 Under Britain's job retention scheme implemented last month as the national coronavirus lockdown was implemented, staff put on furlough can receive 80% of their salaries from the government, up to a maximum of 2,500 pounds ($3,000) a month.
 Liverpool said those who are furloughed will still receive 100% of their salaries, with the club topping up their pay “to ensure no member of staff is financially disadvantaged.”
 There has been criticism that Premier League clubs, including Tottenham and Newcastle, have used the government scheme while still paying their players big salaries.
 Liverpool, which leads the Premier League by 25 points with nine games remaining, said there was a “collective commitment at senior levels of the club —- on and off the pitch — with everyone working towards a solution that secures jobs.”
 It added: “There is ongoing active engagement about the topic of salary deductions during the period matches are not being played to schedule. These discussions are complex and as a result the process is ongoing.”
 The Premier League was indefinitely suspended on Friday.
 ___
 Follow AP coverage of the virus outbreak at https://apnews.com/VirusOutbreak and https://apnews.com/UnderstandingtheOutbreak

journalist: By Associated Press

title: Liverpool the latest club to furlough non-playing staff


content_text:
路透社報導，西班牙目前累積確診有11萬7710起，高居全球第2，僅次於美國。圖為馬德里主廣場民眾戴口罩防疫。（安納杜魯新聞社提供）
（中央社馬德里3日綜合外電報導）西班牙2019冠狀病毒疾病（COVID-19，武漢肺炎）累積確診病例今天首次超越義大利，但死亡病例數比昨天來得少，為抗疫帶來一線希望。

路透社報導，西班牙目前累積確診有11萬7710起，高居全球第2，僅次於美國，而美國總人口數約為西班牙的7倍；另外，西班牙共有1萬935起死亡病例，僅次於義大利1萬3915人染疫病逝。

西班牙也傳出另一項更有希望的消息，那就是一個多星期以來，首次單日新增死亡數下降，從昨天950起減至今天932起。

西班牙緊急醫療協調中心副主任席耶拉（Maria Jose Sierra）說：「今天確診數增加7%，證實如我們觀察有下降趨勢。」確診病例增幅低於一週前的20%。

西班牙總理桑傑士（Pedro Sanchez）已實施歐洲數一數二嚴格的管制措施，僅讓醫療業等必要行業的人員自由往返工作處，餐廳、酒吧和商店暫時關閉，並禁止社交集會。

西班牙民眾自3月14日起就被限制在家，最初實施15天的全國緊急狀態，目前延長至4月12日，政府現在考慮再次延長。

軍方和消防人員今天在加泰隆尼亞（Catalan）薩瓦德爾（Sabadell）一處體育中心設立緊急醫院。政府已在境內搭建超過12間野戰醫院，以收治病患。（譯者：黃靖貽/核稿：盧映孜）1090404

journalist: 譯者：黃靖貽/核稿：盧映孜

countries: 義大利 西班牙 美國

events: 死亡 COVID-19 冠狀病毒 武漢肺炎

title: 西班牙確診數超過義大利居第2 死亡病例增幅放緩 | 國際 | 重點新聞


title: 央行要求反映降息 民營業者將彈性因應

content_text:
在央行要求大型行庫牌告利率充分反映降息1碼下，房貸戶最近一次房貸指標利率調降，有可能降息幅度超過央行的1碼，這是因為大多數銀行房貸指標利率，採取六大或十大行庫1年期定儲利率的平均，在部分大型行庫反映央行降息充分下調牌告定儲利率，甚至降息幅度超過1碼下，使部分銀行房貸指標利率下調達到0.27個百分點，比1碼要多。

據了解，八大公股行庫調整放款指標利率周期，大多在4月上旬，也就是本周，屆時八大公股行庫房貸戶利率下調幅度包含紓困額外降1碼，合計可降2碼。其他民營銀行如以月調周期來看，預計會在4月底前反映央行降1碼，少數以季調則等到5月才能感受央行降息。

政院擴大紓困要求八大公股行庫配合對個人貸款全面額外降息，雖然民營銀行幾乎都不跟進「全面」額外降息，但央行降息1碼下，各銀行指數型房貸指標利率，勢必在最近一次調整周期屆臨時下調。由於大多數民營銀行都是以六大或十大行庫定儲利率平均計算，這些行庫又配合央行要求充分反映其降息1碼決策，使牌告定儲利率下滑至少1碼起跳，有的行庫甚至下調0.29、0.27個百分點，使得計算出來的房貸指標利率也下調超過1碼。

不具名的民營銀行主管指出，過去央行降息，大型行庫定儲利率反映幅度可能是央行降息幅度的六、七折左右，而據以計算房貸等各項放款的指標利率調整幅度，當然也隨之小於央行。但是這次央行考量疫情衝擊，特別要求大型行庫充分反映，因此民營銀行房貸放款指標利率也因此降幅放大。

降息
 央行
 房貸


content_text:
行政院祭出新冠肺炎疫情紓困措施，公股房貸客戶利息省最多，除中央銀行降息1碼（0.25個百分點）外，1,000萬元額度內的自用住宅房貸利率，在4月1日至9月30日期間內可再多降1碼，且客戶均無須向銀行申請，銀行會自動啟動利息「有感減壓」紓困措施。

「如果加上央行的降息幅度，這半年內民眾房貸利率可大減0.5個百分點」，銀行主管說。

由於「自動降息」機制僅限公股銀行，若為民營銀行客戶就無法適用，儘管近期有不少民營銀行跟進調降利率，但仍需客戶主動向銀行申請，且各家規定不一，有需求的民眾可向自己的房貸、消費貸款銀行洽詢。

房貸
 降息
 疫情

title: 不用你開口 公股房貸、消貸自動減息


title: 國銀抗疫 資本適足率夠力 去年突破14％

content_text:
在金管會要求銀行強化資本政策下，去年底本國銀行資本適足率上升至14.09%，創歷年次高水位，資本適足率愈高，代表銀行風險承擔能力愈強，顯示在這波新冠肺炎疫情衝擊下，本國銀行已累積不少足以抗「疫」的能力。

根據金管會最新資料，2019底本國銀行資本適足率提高到14.09%，比前一年度增加0.09個百分點，是有這項統計以來的第二高，僅次於2017年的14.18%。

資本適足率是指銀行自有資本占風險性資產比率，依規定，目前銀行資本適足率須達10.5%以上，其中普通股權益比率須達7%、第一類資本比率須達8.5%。

金管會官員表示，可以列入銀行自有資本的項目，除了普通股外，也包含符合一定條件的次順位債等其他第一類資本。強化資本的主要方式，包括股東現金增資，以及每年賺的盈餘不要分配現金。

金管會資料顯示，國銀的資本適足率不但已達最低標準，還超標不少。

金管會最近幾年對銀行的資本要求不斷提高，包括與新版巴塞爾協定接軌，及推動系統性重要銀行政策等，這些強化資本措施，都讓銀行為累積資本，只好少發現金股利。

銀行資本強化了，但也引來包括外資在內的股東怨言，金控業者跟金管會反映，外資抱怨，金控現金股利發放率太低了，監理機關強化資本措施一波接一波，業者無法對國外投資人交代。

但金管會認為，強化資本政策已是國際監理趨勢，有助銀行提升抵抗力，尤其近幾年來，金融市場波動大，金融業必須厚實資本，強化風險承擔能力，才能因應市場各種變局。

金管會資料顯示，近十年來，國銀資本適足率的變化，偶有起伏，尤其2017年底，突然升高到14.18%，比上一個年度大增0.9個百分點。

金管會官員表示，2017年底資本適足率突然間攀升，主要是因當時金管會修改房貸等資本計提規定，使得銀行的資本適足率大大提高。

在銀行業者反映下，金管會在2017年底降低房貸放款計提資本的風險權數，「非自用住宅」從100%降至75%，代表銀行「原本要拿1元，做1元的房貸生意，以後只要拿0.75元資本，就可做1元的房貸生意」。

「自用住宅」的風險權數，也從45%降為35%。風險權數大幅降低後，使得銀行資本計提壓力大為減輕，資本適足率因此提高。

若不看2017年的法規變更的特殊因素，去年底國銀資本適足率有可能是歷年新高水位。

疫情衝擊產業，經濟恐受波及，銀行資產品質變化也受關注，但去年底資本適足率不但攀升至歷史次高，且同期逾放比率僅0.21%，壞帳覆蓋率高達651.78%，顯示面對風險承擔能力佳，業者表示，面對這波疫情，本國銀行可以說是「超前部署」。

經濟日報提供

疫情
 外資
 新冠肺炎


title: 金管會拚監理 給胡蘿蔔

content_text:
金管會持續強化銀行資本，啟動國內系統性重要銀行（D-SIBs）政策，除對被列入系統性重要銀行採取強化監理措施、提供誘因外，也鼓勵其他銀行，若能強化資本適足性，且達到跟系統性重要銀行的標準，也可適用相同誘因。

為與國際接軌，避免一些「大到不能倒」的銀行出事時，政府動用公共資金挹注，金管會已啟動國內系統性重要銀行政策，並採取相關強化措施，包括系統性重要銀行須增提「額外法定資本」及「內部管理資本」各2個百分點。

金管會官員表示，對被列入系統性重要銀行者，金管會也提供四大誘因，包括第一，轉投資金融相關事業在5,000萬元以下得採自動核准。

第二，D-SIBs列為增設國內分支機構的評分有利項目，及申設國外及大陸地區分支機構得優先核准。

第三，申請業務試辦時，資本適足比率納入審核項目並加速核准。

第四，申請新種業務將優先核准，並在三年辦理期間屆滿申請延長時，對無重大違失者採自動核准。


content_text:
「電子支付機構管理條例」草案已於行政院完成三度審查，並擬於近期在立法院提案捲土重來，修法將整合電子支付與電子票證兩大業者業務，好讓以後各種電支帳戶間能透過財金公司建置的「跨機構共同平台」互相轉帳，並與商店共通使用，以打破藩籬、促進電支產業發展。

金管會去年9月預告「電子支付機構管理條例」修正草案，欲擴大開放電支業務，原規劃在立法院第九屆任期內完成審查三讀，達成2020年台灣支付生態圈成形的目標，但因溝通作業繁浩，面臨屆期不續審的命運。

據悉，金管會在新國會成形後，立刻重啟此項修法工作，行政院日前陸續召開三次審查會議並審竣草案，目前已在最後文字修正階段。金管會也派員向民進黨立法院黨團報告政策推動方向，並就修法內容交換意見後形成共識，預計近期就會於院會提報草案。

據指出，現行電支機構金流屬封閉式，僅提供註冊使用者金流服務，未來電子票證、電子支付分屬的「電子票證發行管理條例」與「電子支付機構管理條例」法規整合後，將由財金公司建置「電子支付跨機構共用平台」，並提供清算機制。

行政院知情人士舉例，現行電子票證（如悠遊卡）、電子支付（如街口支付）彼此間並不互通，且兩者金流分屬不同法規，修法整合後，不但能達成有效且統合的金融監理，也打破各支付方式的藩籬，更加便民。

知情人士說明，智慧手機與行動支付日漸普及，有的人手機甚至同時具備「街口支付」、「LINE Pay一卡通」、「悠遊卡」，或Apple Pay等支付方式，但目前無法互通，修法後就能如金融機構轉帳般互通有無，也能促進電支產業發展。

金管會
 立法院
 智慧手機

companies: Apple LINE

title: 電支、票證整合修法 拚闖關


title: 疫情衝擊手頭緊 可申請緩繳

content_text:
新冠肺炎疫情全球大流行，受衝擊企業紛紛歇業或實施無薪假，衝擊個人償債能力；針對疫情影響出現還款困難的個人，台灣銀行、土地銀行、合作金庫等大型公股銀行祭出紓困措施，客戶可申請暫緩繳納借款本金、展延借款期限、減免計收信用卡違約金及循環利息等費用，以度過疫情難關。

國銀龍頭台灣銀行提供個人金融協助措施，即日起至7月底止，凡國內因新冠肺炎疫情遭受經濟衝擊的台銀既有個人授信戶且還本繳息正常者，得提供非自願性失業或無薪假等相關證明文件，向台銀原承貸分行申請貸款本金及還款期限展延最長六個月，本金展延期間利息按月繳納的寬緩措施。

因疫情被迫放了無薪假、手頭緊，無法如期繳付信用卡帳款的四大類客戶，也可向台銀申請信用卡帳戶緩繳。

台銀指出，參與救護的醫療人員、確診隔離患者、因疫情滯留無法回台這三類客戶可緩繳六個月，另外，自主居家隔離者、持有因肺炎疫情導致非自願性失業勞工、無薪假，或其他可證明因新冠肺炎影響還款能力者，可緩繳三個月。

台銀指出，可申請緩繳的帳款包括當期帳單應付帳款，含原使用循環信用的帳款，緩繳期間免計收循環利息及違約金。

土地銀行即日起至9月底止，個人授信戶因疫情非自願性失業、無薪假或其他特殊情況而還款困難者，提供相關證明文件資料，本金寬緩或借款期限展延最長六個月，本金寬限期間內仍應依原契約約定繳息但免收手續費。

疫情
 無薪假
 台銀


content_text:
國發會督導、金管會提出的「電子支付機構管理條例」草案修法，要在2025年達成行動支付普及率90%，經濟部先投入15億元經費輔導商圈、店家數位轉型，並砸逾百億推動酷碰券，兼顧振興疫情，財政部也提供租稅優惠，吸引店家參與。

國發會據資策會產業情報研究所資料指出，我國2019年行動支付普及率達62.2%，今年規劃持續從需求端出發，擴大國內行動支付消費場域，以加速國內行動支付普及，並如期達成2025年普及率90%之目標。

經濟部鎖定「B2C」的在地商圈、店家，以15億元經費預計輔導3萬商家進行數位轉型，並補助全國200處商圈辦理特色行銷活動、與行動支付業者合作，提供最高20%回饋，以吸引消費者至小商圈以行動支付消費。

隨新冠肺炎疫情發展，經濟部也砸下百億元經費，要與各大行動支付業者合作，在疫情趨緩後推動「你消費、我折扣」之酷碰券，每月回饋最高1,000元，連續三個月，除能發揮振興經濟效果，同時達到推廣電子支付成效。

為加強推廣，財政部配合釋出利多，宣布此租稅優惠施行期間延長至2025年，盼鼓勵更多小商家加入行動支付。

行動支付
 疫情
 經濟部

title: 經部輔導店家 衝行動支付普及率


title: 國銀獲利頻創新高 ROE未同步

content_text:
在強化資本趨勢下，銀行淨值也大幅增加，今年1月底首度突破4兆元，淨值的大幅提高，使得銀行獲利雖屢創新高，但淨值報酬率（ROE）卻未能同步創新高。

金管會官員表示，銀行淨值主要有兩大塊，普通股權益及每年累積的盈餘，近幾年因銀行獲利表現不錯，頻創新高，銀行獲利除依法提列的法定盈餘公積外，在政策希望少發現金股利、強化資本下，淨值也愈來愈高。

根據金管會資料，到今年1月底淨值已有4兆59億元，首度突破4兆元。

金管會資料顯示，去年國銀獲利再創新高來到3,607億元，但ROE為9.38%，僅是近四年最高，未同步創新高，顯示國銀獲利並未跟上淨值擴增的腳步。

官員表示，去年國銀淨值都增加，而獲利未同步出現應有成長，主要是因監理機關要求提高資本。

ROE的分子是獲利，分母是淨值，金管會最近幾年對銀行的資本要求不斷提高，包括與新版巴塞爾協定接軌等，這些措施，都讓銀行為累積資本，只好少發現金股利，提高資本，淨值也跟著增加。

獲利跟不上淨值增加的速度，ROE自然無法像獲利一樣創新高。

去年資產報酬率（ROA）為0.72%，是近四年來最高，也未跟獲利一樣同創新高，主要是銀行授信業務擴增，但利差下降，對獲利的貢獻度相對有限，讓獲利跟不上資產的成長。


content_text:
財政部8日將公布3月出口概況，在新冠肺炎疫情衝擊下，上月財政部官員預估，3月出口由紅轉黑已「無可避免」，預計年減幅度在2%至5%之間。官員指出，疫情對於出口動能的影響有多大，接下來兩個月將是關鍵，尤其機械出口首當其衝，受影響程度是否會擴大，財政部將密切關注。

經濟日報提供財政部指出，新冠肺炎疫情持續蔓延，普遍認為目前仍屬擴散期，疫情何時能平息尚難預料，短期內難免拖累貿易、投資等實質經濟活動，也會讓原油等重要原物料行情呈現震盪，壓縮出口空間，預估3月出口呈現負成長已成定局，年減幅度約在2%至5%之間。

元大寶華綜合經濟研究院高級研究員賴怡欣則分析，新冠肺炎導致全球採取前所未有的管制措施如封城、隔離、機場與港口管理，不利全球產業鏈生產及運輸，各國需求也急凍，原物料價格走跌，元大寶華預估，3月出口將年減5.6%。

財政部表示，若觀察2月出口，疫情影響已逐漸浮上檯面，2月11項出口貨類中，機械是2月呈現衰退的貨類，年減約2%，其中七成可歸因於疫情因素導致大陸需求急凍，大陸廠商延後或取消機械購置訂單，顯見機械出口在這波疫情中首當其衝，表現最為慘澹，3月會不會延續頹勢將是觀察重點。

與機械出口表現形成強烈對比，2月電子零組件出口持續暢旺，年增近五成，成長幅度冠居11項貨類，是支撐出口動能的主要功臣。值得注意的是，疫情帶動2月印刷電路板（PCB）出口亮麗表現，由於大陸廠房受疫情牽制，台商緊急調動台灣產能支應需求，2月PCB出口年增近五成。

財政部官員表示，雖疫情勢必會對出口造成干擾，但將會是短暫性影響，一旦疫情控制下來，仍會回歸基本面。

疫情
 新冠肺炎

title: 疫情衝擊 3月出口不妙


title: 台灣168／1-2月工業生產成長7.9％

content_text:
經濟部調查統計結果，今年1-2月工業生產指數較2019年同期成長7.9％，其中電子零組件業受惠5G基礎建設、高效能運算等新興科技用擴增，成長24.4％，漲幅居冠。

零售業營業額增0.5%
今年1-2月零售業營業額6,323億元，年增0.5％，占比最大之綜合商品零售業增1.7％；汽機車零售業因新車款買氣活絡，增5.5％；其他非店面零售業受部分實體通路消費需求轉至虛擬通路影響，增8.4％。

2月景氣續亮綠燈
國發會統計，2020年2月景氣對策信號綜合判斷分數為24分，較1月減少1分，燈號續呈綠燈，不含趨勢之領先指標較1月減0.16％，同時指標則增0.21％。

（聯合報系資料庫）

M1B、M2年增率都下滑
中央銀行統計，2020年2月日平均貨幣總計數M1B及M2年增率為7.00％及4.35％，較1月各減0.61及0.25個百分點，主因外資轉呈淨匯出所致。


content_text:
八大公股行庫4月起配合行政院擴大紓困，不含反映央行降息，房貸全面額外降1碼，各公股行庫上周電話詢問量暴增，多家公股銀行主管指出，已準備好吸收民營銀行房貸戶轉貸優惠方案，建議民營銀行房貸戶掌握四大要點，即時間、利差、額度、成本，衡量轉貸加緊腳步。

公股行庫額外紓困房貸全面降息1碼，為期僅半年，因此公股行庫主管指出，四大要點第一項時間，就是轉貸愈早愈好，以額外降1碼計算年化降半碼，就可抵銷轉貸設定費還有多，大幅去除轉貸成本，轉貸後能省下的利息等好處，才可充分享受。

其次當然是利差比較，兆豐銀行舉例指出，調查目前各銀行平均房貸利率水準約在1.65%~1.70%，本周起各銀行陸續反映央行降息調降房貸指標利率0.25%後，平均房貸利率水準將下降到1.40%~1.45%。相較之下，兆豐銀新房貸戶利率最低可降至1.31%，以平均數概估可至少省下9點（1個基本點為0.01個百分點）的利息，在紓困額外降息半年抵掉設定費等一次性費用成本後，新、舊貸間省下的利差是每年都持續存在的，具有一定轉貸省息利益。

華銀主管則指出，房貸戶在原貸行如有二胎房貸、理財型房貸，可以一併搬到公股行庫，這類型房貸公股行庫可提供的利率，相較民營銀絕對有競爭力，轉貸可一併獲得省息利益。

額度部分，公股行庫房貸主管指出，因為政院紓困額外降息1碼，1,000萬元以內餘額均適用，因此對在原貸行房貸餘額愈接近1,000億元的話，轉貸後適用額外降1碼的省息利益也愈可觀。因為轉貸後雖然總房貸額度可能不打折，但符合紓困定義的「購置自用住宅房貸」，僅能以原貸行剩下的餘額計算。

不過，總貸款額度則可以提高，因為對轉貸戶來說，即使適用紓困降1碼的購屋房貸額度無法再提高，但其他已還掉的款項，轉貸後仍可再以其他名目房貸貸出，以當前央行降息、大環境低利持續且可能更低下，可以不必用理財型房貸相對高的利息，就把已經還掉的房貸額度再次借出運用，也是一大利多。

公股銀行主管表示，還有一個附加價值是寬限期，在原貸行已經過了寬限期的，轉到公股銀寬限期重算，既可省息還可免還本金，讓還款變輕鬆。

不具名的公股行庫主管表示，為吸引民營銀行房貸戶轉貸，開辦費均已授權各分行可在一定空間內調整，優惠轉貸戶，這部分不會公開宣傳，但以公股行庫行情開辦費多半在5,000元內，對降低轉貸成本、擴增轉貸利益，也有不小裨益。

圖／經濟日報提供

房貸
 公股行庫
 降息

title: 房貸轉至公股銀 留意四關鍵


content_text:
和泰車8日召開法說會，去年營運繳出漂亮的成績單，營收獲利都創下新高，今年首季也有亮眼的營運表現，雖然新冠肺炎疫情延燒，各行業不景氣，但和泰車不僅未見衰退，銷售仍持續成長，後續表現受到市場矚目。

和泰車本次法說會將說明去年的營運成果，與今年第1季表現與第2季之後的評估。今年第1季雖有疫情影響，但車市與和泰車都有逆勢成長的佳績，值得關注的是不願意使用大眾運輸系統催化的汽車買氣可以支持多久，隨著整體經濟受到無薪假的影響，車市買氣衝擊的程度以及汽車供應鏈體系是否會在第2季斷鏈，都是市場關注的焦點。

和泰車去年全年稅後淨利117.69億元，每股稅後純益21.55元，在營收1,846億元創下歷史新高後，獲利也創下新高。主要是去年和泰車的新車銷售創下佳績，帶動和泰車相關的轉投資全面水漲船高。和泰車董事會並決定每股將配發14元現金股利。

和泰車去年的表現相當突出，稅後淨利年增17.4%。神車效益Altis與RAV4去年改款上市，創下銷售佳績，不只是本業銷售、維修業務都因而受惠，轉投資的相關事業也全面推升，組車廠國瑞汽車、保險公司和泰產險等等獲利也都相當不錯。

疫情
 新冠肺炎
 年改

title: 和泰車8日法說 營運可望報喜


content_text:
三商投控投資領域多元，包括人身保險、民生用品、餐飲零售、製藥、資訊服務業等各領域。三商去年財報亮眼，激勵3月30日與31日股價皆漲停，4月1日收20.3元，跌0.15元，近五日股價漲幅20.8%。

三商日前公布去年財報，全年營收2,292.8億元；稅後純益34.9億元，年增952.6％，創歷史新高，每股純益4.48元。三商表示，三商美邦人壽貢獻一半獲利，不過三商餐飲和鞋連鎖店全家福也成長強勁；三商董事會決議配發現金股利1元及股票股利1元，配息率44.6%。三商預計在今年6月18日召開股東會。

三商取名為「三商」，是因當年為台大三名商學院畢業生創立，創辦人主要包括陳河東和翁肇喜。根據去年年報，目前陳家的商林投資擁有三商投控20.58%股權，翁家的樹人及樹豐投資共擁有三商投控19.21%股權。

已逝的陳河東有四個兒子，老大陳翔立現任三商投控董事長，老二陳翔中任三商電董事長，老三陳翔玠為三商壽董事長，老四陳翔玢為三商家購董事長。另外，三商轉投資旭富製藥，為國內頂尖原料藥公司，董事長是擁有化學博士頭銜的董事長翁維駿，他則是翁肇喜之子，目前三商持有旭富製藥股權31.75%，是單一最大法人股東。

三商在2015年轉型為投資控股公司，主要投資有三商壽、民生用品及餐飲零售，包括拿坡里披薩、美廉社超市、全家福鞋店、福勝亭和三友藥妝等品牌，還有製藥、資訊服務業等。

三商旗下的三商餐飲成長強勁，旗下包括拿坡里和三商巧福，以及福勝亭、鮮五丼、品川蘭等餐飲品牌。拿坡里去年上半年103家店，雖主打披薩，但炸雞的表現更亮眼，三商巧福去年上半年則有159家。

分析師表示，三商餐飲持續成長，未來有機會將餐飲品牌打包成一個業態掛牌。

連鎖鞋店全家福去年上半年有225家，店數持續增加，去年也有不錯表現。至於三商家購旗下超市美廉社，以「社區超市」定位，介於量販與超商中間，店數僅次於全聯，為國內第二大的小型連鎖超市品牌。

三商家購今年3月31日公告將實施庫藏股，買回300張轉讓予員工，預定買回期間為今年4月1日至5月29日，買回區間價格為70元至100元，約占已發行股份0.5%，可買回總金額上限約3,000萬元。三商家購去年營收121億元，稅後純益4,212萬元，年減76.4%，每股純益0.7元，擬配發現金股利0.63元，主因去年5月導入新系統SAP導致虧損，不過今年3月已恢復正常。

美廉社今年前三兩個月受惠疫情讓民生用品出現搶購潮，尖峰時段一度單店來客人數是平日三倍，買氣高的是米、衛生紙、泡麵、水、罐頭等，增加業績。

經濟日報提供

餐飲
 全家

title: 飆股的故事／三商抓住趨勢 業績強強滾


title: 「上次傾聽內心是什麼時候」？迪士尼公主9句經典台詞變插畫，快設成桌布

content_text:
編輯／Emily 圖／翻攝自goldscreens.tumblr.com

迪士尼公主系列電影伴隨很多人成長，就算長大了還是一樣喜歡。迪士尼公主能如此受到喜愛，除了長相美麗以及與王子的浪漫愛情，她們展現的善良性格、冒險精神更吸引人，電影裡許多經典台詞都讓人難忘。網路就有一系列插畫將公主頭像與經典台詞結合，拿來當手機桌布超唯美。

《冰雪奇緣》

「有些人值得你為他融化。」

《冰雪奇緣》裡雪寶的台詞令人印象深刻，想到電影那一幕還是會感動。不管是愛人或夥伴，有時後就是會遇到那個值得為他付出全部的人。

《阿拉丁》

「告訴我，公主，你上一次傾內心是什麼時候？」

阿拉丁主題曲持續縈繞在心裡，阿拉丁帶著茉莉公主騎乘魔毯飛行，讓公主聽從內心的聲音，鼓起勇氣做自己真正想做的事。

《美女與野獸》

「我想到遠方去冒險，我想要的比我說的更多。如果有一個人可以了解該有多好，我想要的比他們給我計畫的多更多。」

貝兒是個聰明、有想法的女孩，不甘於原本安排的生活，想要遵循內心的渴望，追求更多東西，如果遇到那個懂她的人就更好了。

《愛麗絲夢遊仙境》

「如果你不知道要去哪裡，任何一條路都會帶你通往目的地。」

愛麗絲經歷了奇幻的冒險，有時候雖然不知道自己要什麼，但勇於面對、不處處設限，會發現不知不覺中已逐漸接近目標。

《小美人魚》

「遠比夢中情人更好的女孩就在現實當中，她溫暖、有愛心，而且就在你眼前。」

王子一開始不知道救他的人就是在身邊的愛麗兒，那段過程實在很揪心。確實有時候會看不清周圍的人對你的付出，那個真正關心、愛你的好對象，其實近在眼前。

《魔髮奇緣》

「你的人生不需要別人來完整，而是需要一個願意接受你全部的人。」

長髮公主樂佩走出高塔後，遇到了大盜費林•雷德，雖然一開始有所隱瞞，但在坦誠面對之後，兩人終於確認彼此的心。

《勇敢傳說》

「我們的命運掌握在自己手中，你只需要鼓起勇氣來正視它。」

人生當中有很多時刻面臨抉擇，其實命運就掌握在自己手中，只要鼓起勇氣、大膽面對，就可以解決各種困難與挑戰。

《白雪公主》

「任何人都可以輕易得看出來，那個迷人的王子是我的唯一。」

白雪公主被王子拯救，有了圓滿結局。人生中也是在感情路上不斷尋尋覓覓，想遇到那個真正唯一的人。

《睡美人》

「我認識你，我們曾在夢中一起散步。」

有時候在遇到某個人時，會產生一股熟悉感，彷彿在夢中或更久以前就認識他，這種熟悉感讓雙方更加契合。

►迪士尼客製化娃娃獨一無二！依出生時的身高體重訂做 印上生日、姓名必收藏

►迪士尼娃娃進入夢鄉好療癒！小鹿班比、愛麗絲打哈欠萌樣融化你的心


title: 封城不遠？發國家級警報「暫勿去墾丁」後　指揮中心不排除「禁足令」

taiwan-subdivisions: 花蓮 阿里山

countries: 日本 台灣

content_text:
記者許力方／綜合報導

清明連假全台景點湧現人潮，中央流行疫情指揮中心4日中午11時55分發出2則國家級警報簡訊「暫勿前往墾丁」，其餘包括阿里山、花蓮東大門等11景點都列入範圍。指揮官陳時中說，墾丁人真的超多，不要再去人擠人，鬆懈社交距離和戴口罩的必要性；至於是否離「封城」、「禁足令」不遠了？他說，任何可能性都有，宣導社交距離為超前部屬，若要封城一定會提前說。

國家級警報一發，讓外界有疑慮，指揮中心下一步會不會發佈「禁足令」？陳時中則坦言「任何可能性都有！」這次清明連假外出人潮超出預期，導致氣氛變得緊張一點，考量先前假期沒有這麼多人潮，才沒有在連假前祭出「禁足令」。

▲國家級警報8小時後，墾丁大街人潮瞬間少了3成 。（圖／記者吳奕靖攝）

陳時中也說，雖然目前不敢說絕對不會像日本一樣，「不然我們就絕對禁止民眾外出了」，國內社區傳染非常零星，主要都是境外移入，而他們幾乎都在居家檢疫中。針對疫情的發展，指揮中心會隨時調整相關措施，不排除可能發布禁足令，但目前為止沒有這樣的跡象。

指揮中心4日中午發布的2則簡訊，呼籲「墾丁附近景點人潮擁擠，請暫勿前往」。記者會上被問及為何針對墾丁另外發布，陳時中直說「因為人真的超多的啦！」所以特別把墾丁標出來，尤其墾丁大街上的人非常多，但其他地方也有發，民眾也要特別注意。

陳時中呼籲，已經在墾丁的人要保持社交距離、戴口罩，「沒去的人就不要再去了！」他強調，整個疫情會延續很長的時間，太長時間，大家都關起來，總有一天情緒也會有問題，有假期散心可以放鬆，「但不要放鬆了社交距離跟戴口罩的必要性！」大家出去玩，一定要保持社交距離，尤其現在幾個景點人多的地方「就一定要戴口罩了。」

隨著國內疫情升溫，中央政策也不斷升級，開始宣導「社交距離」的限制，民眾擔心，許多國家封城後就限定社交距離、禁足，台灣下一步是否就要封城了？陳時中回應，很多國家都是封城後做社交距離限制，但「封城後做就來不及了，我們當然是個人（保護好），沒有辦法保護好，才會做這大範圍的區隔。」

陳時中說，整個世界在大波的流行疫情中，有無症狀等相關的情況，潛伏期的狀況很多，若出現大區域的社區傳播，就要「封城」。

►比周年慶還低！～史上第一「濕敷神水」終於補貨了～

▼下一步禁足令？陳時中：任何可能性都有！（圖／指揮中心提供）


content_text:
新冠肺炎疫情引發全球金融危機，對坐擁1,300億美元可動用現金的波克夏公司（Berkshire Hathaway）而言，則正好是趁勢加碼或直接收購企業的大好良機。但隨著各國政府大舉救市推升股價，「股神」巴菲特恐怕更需要耐心等待。

路透專欄作家Lauren Silva Laughlin指出，巴菲特最經典的策略之一，就是在企業窮途末路時趁機「下手」。例如去年，在西方石油公司（OXY）執行長霍勒姆（Vicki Hollub）的懇請下，波克夏豪氣出資100億美元，幫助西方石油收購阿納達科石油（Anadarko），回報是取得年股利8%的優先股。在奇異（GE）和高盛因金融危機跌入谷底時，波克夏也乘隙敲定類似協議。

在疫情導致全球經濟面臨停擺之際，一連串企業正等待幫助。美國目前是由華府出面主導，航空業者已經獲得當局援助、總統川普上周也已在白宮會見西方石油和埃克森美孚（Exxon Mobil）等能源業者高層，另外從餐飲到旅館業也都已經尋求政府紓困。

鑒於向當局伸手拿錢的成本較低，企業主管可能還未打算尋求波克夏幫助，再加上華府傾囊相助可以短暫推升估值，因此現在遠不是巴菲特進場的時機。2008年的金融危機就是個鮮明的例子，巴菲特在當年9月投資高盛已獲得不錯的報酬，但如果再晚兩個月進場，高盛股價再跌了約75%，就能拿到更優渥的條件。

因此巴菲特這次可能等到市況確實極端嚴峻時才出手。卡夫亨氏和旗下其他投資，最終可能出現適宜的進場時機，價格跌到比巴菲特第一次買進時還便宜。如今在疫情的衝擊下，從保險到火車等過去他已有投資的類股，也可能浮現吸引人的買點。

現在巴菲特已經銀彈上膛，耐心觀望進場時機。

title: 股神賺的是「耐心錢」 巴菲特銀彈上膛、將更耐心尋底


content_text:
政府近年來積極推動電子發票作業，依2014-2019年消費通路電子發票資料，電子發票張數呈逐年遞增趨勢，2019年為75億張，相較2014年增加31億張，增幅達七成二。

北市數量與使用載具比率 居冠 圖／經濟日報提供

以縣市別來看，2019年電子發票數以雙北市居前二位，分別為16.7億、12.2億張，各較2014年增1.0、0.5倍，使用載具比率以台北市37.7%居冠，連江縣33.0%次之。

零售業開立占比最高 圖／經濟日報提供

依行業觀察，零售業開立電子發票張數占比最高，2014年達九成，之後受其他行業提高電子發票使用量影響，2019年零售業所占比重降至七成，仍各為行業之冠。

電子發票
 北市

title: 每周一勢／電子發票張數 五年增72％


title: 魏蔓曬短髮童年照「渾圓大眼+霸氣站姿」　網暴動：像波妞

content_text:
記者林玟諭／綜合報導

藝人魏蔓所主演的戲劇《美味滿閣》在2月下旬播映完畢，近期她也抽空與粉絲分享自己的生活點滴。而她也在4日兒童節，曬出自己的童年清純照，引發網友紛紛大暴動「怎麼有點像波妞」。

▲魏蔓經常會在社群帳號分享自己的生活點滴。（圖／翻攝自魏蔓臉書）

只見照片中魏蔓擁有超萌臉蛋、濃眉大眼，露出靦腆微笑，留著一頭俐落短髮，身穿大紅色絨布材質的洋裝，胸口及衣擺還點綴著許多蕾絲花邊，袖口的蕾絲圈還因為衣袖太長而把小手藏起來，身體斜歪擺出超霸氣POSE，非常可愛。

▲魏蔓渾圓大眼、靦腆微笑十分可愛。（圖／翻攝自魏蔓臉書）

網友看到女神小時候紛紛大喊「好可愛」、「時尚短髮蔓」，也有眼尖的網友留言回覆「怎麼有點像波妞」，因為長得有點像賈靜雯女兒，意外引起一番熱烈討論。

▲賈靜雯女兒波妞。（圖／翻攝自賈靜雯臉書）


taiwan-subdivisions: 高雄 高雄市

content_text:
高雄市校長未來甄選將更激烈！年金改革後的第一年，高雄市今年申請退休校長國中僅2人、國小5人，教育局表示，年改前「想退的都已經退了」。局長吳榕峯說，因今年退休校長少，還有多位候用校長未分發，今年不辦校長甄選，且高市力推雙語教育，下次校長甄選會加考「英語口試」，邁向校長之路越來越難。

高雄市教育局在102年至107年都有舉辦校長甄選儲備校長，教育局表示，每年會評估申請退休的校長人數，甄選出的校長也不是立即「上線」，需要通過一年儲訓課程才具備候用校長資格。

目前高市現有校長候用人員，國中11人、國小19人，教育局人事室指出，之前公教年金改革造成教育界一波人事動盪，屆齡、想退的都已經退了，這兩年申退校長變少，今年國中僅2位、國小5位。

吳榕峯說，還有候用校長未分發，今年將不辦校長甄選。市長韓國瑜上任後，積極推動中英文雙語教育，校長為一校領導者，也須具備英語能力，下次校長甄選，會加考英語口試，提早宣布是希望有志校長職務者，早些開始準備。

計畫參加校長甄選的國小主任反映，過去校長甄選項目及錄取評分標準，包括資績積分、筆試和口試；口試項目有即席演講暨實務處理、專業知能，還要準備本土語的3分鐘演講，現在還得再加上英語口試，的確是個挑戰。

教育局
 高雄市
 年金改革

title: 高雄校長甄選 今年不辦了


title: 台南推偏鄉公幼 高雄增199班

taiwan-subdivisions: 高雄 高雄市 七股 玉井 南化

people: 黃偉哲 韓國瑜

content_text:
重視兒童福利，台南市和高雄市都宣布今年要增設公幼。台南109學年度推出偏鄉學校附設幼兒園學區制，讓偏鄉孩童可優先就讀公幼，4月底開放新生入園登記，今年公共化幼兒園增加近40班，讓家長減輕經濟負擔。高雄市長韓國瑜昨宣布，高市今年度到110學年度將增加公幼199班，積極推動平價教保服務。

台南市教育局長鄭新輝說，偏鄉幅員廣，考量學童就學，今年偏鄉學校的附幼推出學區制，目前已有48間學校申請，戶籍地在南化、玉井、七股等孩童可優先選擇學區附幼，避免搶不到名額，家長得舟車勞頓載孩子到其他學區入園。本月底開放新生入園登記，8月入園。

鄭表示，台南市府普設公幼、非營利等公共化幼兒園，鼓勵私幼加入準公共化行列，公幼每月約2000元，非營利幼兒園3500元，準公共化幼兒園4500元，大幅降低家長負擔。

台南市長黃偉哲上任後希望讓年輕人願意生、能夠養、養得好，祭出多項誘因讓保母願加入準公共化，包括免費施打流感疫苗、保母專業責任險保費及健檢費補助，增加補助設備汰換費，目前準公共化已95％；家長將小孩送到簽約保母或托育中心，每月可領6千元托育補助。

鄭姓家長說，她每天一早要趕著將小孩送到幼兒園，再匆忙到公司上班，希望政府能給予補助，多鼓勵企業設托育設施，讓家長不必為接送問題煩惱。

高雄市長韓國瑜昨在臉書表示，今年度到110學年度公幼將增加199班，積極推動平價教保服務，持續推動高雄雙語教育、安裝校園雙機、發放安心餐食券，希望減輕市民經濟負擔，提供更多教育資源給孩子。

社會局長黃淵源說，市府照顧0到2歲幼兒，多項福利措施包括坐月子到宅服務、育兒津貼不打折，收托12名嬰幼兒的公共托育家園，今年將增到13處，加上17處公共托嬰中心，政府會補助每名幼兒每月3000元到7000元的托育費用。

社會局和交通局聯手規畫的兒童卡，搭公車、捷運、渡輪、台鐵等都有票價優惠，最多打到48折，市府今年將大力鼓勵學童申辦。

幼兒園
 公幼
 偏鄉學校


title: 5校長回任教師 教育界盼尊重

content_text:
高市教育局107年將「校長回任教師細項」納入國中小校長甄選及轉任作業要點，有4位校長因校務推動不順或與親師溝通不良，自請回任教師。今年全國中小學校長協會前理事長、四維國小校長翁慶才也回任教師，引發教育界議論，他表示是因將借調教育部，為免校長職務代理會影響校務，所以在教育局辦校長遴選前提回任教師，「但教育環境改變，也是不爭的事實。」

翁慶才任教職40年，當了23年的校長，步入耳順之年卻決定回任教師。他說，這些年忙著推動城鄉共學，媒合各縣市學校結成夥伴學校。教育部有意借調他推動國際教育業務，如果接受借調，則校長職需找代理，他認為這樣對校務、師生都不好，於是自請回任教師，讓學校得以遴選新校長。

高雄市教育局副局長黃盟惠表示，之前回任教師的鼓岩國小前校長賈宛倩、梓官國小前校長洪麗晴、鼓岩國小前校長吳國泰與燕巢國中前校長陳琪萍，回任狀況都很好。

有校長感嘆，今時不同往日，最怕碰到不理性的家長和老師，還要面對民代的壓力。要不是有些理想，當一個陽春資深教師更輕鬆。

「校長回任教師原本就是一種機制。」高雄市教師職業工會理事長董書攸說，不要以特殊眼光看待選擇回任教師的校長，每個人有自己的生涯規畫，應予尊重。

教育局
 教育部
 高雄市

taiwan-subdivisions: 梓官 燕巢 高雄市


content_text:
2020-04-05 01:01:40

〔即時新聞／綜合報導〕武漢肺炎疫情蔓延全球，防疫重要工具的口罩更是一罩難求，但近期中國網路上廣傳一段影片，卻讓各界大為震驚，內容是中國一家口罩製造廠員工，坐在生產線旁邊用口罩的材料擦鞋，引發外界質疑中國製造的口罩品質。這段影片就連美國司部長巴爾（William Barr）也在推特上分享。

畫面中，該影片男主角口罩拉到靠近下巴的位置，坐著抓起散落在地板的一堆口罩材料，笑咪咪的給自己擦鞋，拍攝者還旁白：「有錢！任性！」。在全球口罩極度短缺的情況下，這段影片顯得格外諷刺，影片也迅速在網路流傳，引來各界批評，指中國浪費口罩，不知珍惜，更有人對此質疑中國製造的口罩品質。

這段影片也引來美國司法部長巴爾的注意，在推特上分享後，許多人在下方留言，有人直指這種行為「噁心」，也有人指這段影片在各國疫情高漲的情況下，拉高了對中國的仇恨感，雖然有些網友說明，擦鞋的材料是口罩生產過程中的廢料，並非成品，但還是認為拍攝這種影片根本是無腦的行為。

這段影片也驚動了中國官媒，人民網也發表評論，要求「“口罩擦鞋”要一查到底」，因為這名男子的舉動不但引發了人們對口罩生產的擔憂，更可能會影響到一個行業的發展。短評中要求涉事人員公開道歉，還要求企業出面說明，不能讓這種「無德病毒」繼續肆虐。

美國司法部長巴爾轉傳影片：

pic.twitter.com/vOgW3Fmfc8

— AG William Barr （@AGWilliamBarr） March 30, 2020 相關新聞請見︰武漢肺炎懶人包》傳染途徑、預防措施看這裡
「武漢肺炎專區」請點此，更多相關訊息，帶您第一手掌握。

countries: 中國 美國

title: 武漢肺炎》中國工人用口罩擦鞋引爆爭議 美司法部長也轉傳


content_text:
2020-04-05 01:06:52

〔中央社〕美國紐約州州長古莫（Andrew Cuomo）表示，紐約州武漢肺炎死亡數今天新增630人，由前一天的2935人增至3565人，創下24小時最大增幅紀錄。

紐約州目前已有11萬3704確診病例，只比疫情慘重的義大利總數少6000人。光是在紐約市就有6萬3306人染病。

events: 武漢肺炎 死亡

countries: 義大利 美國

title: 武漢肺炎》紐約州單日630死創新高 確診數直逼義大利


content_text:
上櫃公司網龍、宜鼎、聖暉應邀櫃買中心邀請，於9日參加櫃買市場業績發表會，三家公司除了說明去年財報表現外，也將針對今年營運、市場策略釋出展望，備受關注。

網龍去年營收6.62億元，年增10.3%，稅後純益7,884萬元，年增102%，每股純益（EPS）0.92元，較前一年的0.45元成長，為近八年來獲利新高；不過，去年第4季每股虧損0.02元，主因第4季沒有遊戲新作，業績較平淡。

展望今年，網龍將發表全新手遊《黃易M》，備受市場關注，預料上半年推出。法人認為，該遊戲將是網龍今年的業績主力。

工控記憶體模組大廠宜鼎已連續三年賺逾一個股本，去年獲利再創新高，EPS12.72元。董事會已通過每股配息7.5元、配股0.2元，股利達7.7元。法人看好宜鼎上季營運仍淡季不淡。宜鼎預定本月9日參加櫃買中心法說會，說明今年營運展望。

公司相當看好人工智慧（AI）衍生的邊緣應用，持續在汽車電子、人工智慧、影音串流、智慧物聯等領域發酵，也逐漸成為備受矚目的趨勢，宜鼎已做好布局。

聖暉去年營收及獲利雖然表現均不如2018年，但是仍交出EPS19.16元，董事會決議配發15元現金股利，這將是連續二年配發15元現金股利。聖累計今年前二個月合併營收18.84億元，年增10.2％。

AI

title: 網龍、宜鼎、聖暉 9日發表業績


title: 股海自由行／兩大產業 將扮大盤反彈要角

events: 新冠病毒 新冠肺炎

things: 防疫 經濟

countries: 義大利 中國 美國

content_text:
新冠肺炎疫情對全球經濟的衝擊已由供給面轉為需求面，導致全球股市正式進入熊市。若疫情拖得過久，類似SARS結束後的經濟V型反轉恐難以發生，而是往U型復甦的機會較大。

今年整體經濟步入短期技術性衰退應已無懸念，問題只是在於深度與長度。但在美國聯準會無限量的量化寬鬆與各國政府強力的財政政策刺激下，將為疫情舒緩後的股市提供反彈條件。

1月23日中國武漢封城以及中國全境實施大規模停工後，市場當時樂觀認為新冠疫情可能僅局限在中國大陸或鄰近亞洲國家，且對經濟的衝擊也僅限於供給中斷，使得美股在2月20日之前仍沉浸在股價迭創新高的喜悅中。自從新冠病毒開始往義大利及美國擴散後，市場終於意識到疫情的衝擊已成野火燎原，歐美股市本波最大跌幅逼近四成，正式進入熊市。台股本波最大跌幅則達三成，因殖利率較高、疫情較受控等因素表現相對抗跌。

二次大戰之後，美股總共歷經過12次的熊市，其中S&P500指數的平均跌幅約三成，跌幅遠超過三成者共有三次，分別是2008年金融海嘯之57%跌幅，2000年網路泡沫之49%跌幅，1973年石油危機之48%跌幅。本次新冠疫情導致S&P500指數最大跌幅達35%後開始止跌反彈，反彈之後是否續跌的關鍵在於歐美疫情的後續發展。

3月23日美股開始出現止跌反彈的催化劑，主要來自於美國聯準會祭出史無前例的無限量QE所致，同時美國總統川普也釋出2兆美元財政刺激政策，並於3月27日正式獲國會通過，帶動美股出現近二成的報復性反彈。

儘管貨幣與財政政策雙管齊下有助股市短期重拾信心，但政府的公共衛生政策才是重點。其中的衡量指標則是全世界每日新增確診新冠病例的數量，一旦這個數字達到高峰並開始滑落，投資者將會相信全球大流行正在獲得控制。這也將預示著消費者可以開始走出家門，並重新開始消費。

歐美每日新增確診病例何時見到高峰？根據中國大陸經驗，武漢封城之後大約21天之後，新增病例便開始下滑。依據南韓經驗，儘管隔離管制措施不如中國大陸激烈，但新增確診病例於疫情爆發之後37天開始下滑。儘管歐美自3月第二周開始陸續進行隔離管制，防疫的效率遠不如亞洲各國，因此歐美疫情從進行隔離政策，直到疫情出現最高峰所耗費的時間恐較大陸或南韓來得久。義大利自3月9日開始進行封城，美國的加州則自3月19日開始進行居家出入的封鎖，由此推估歐美疫情最高峰的基本合理推估可能落在4~5月。

倘若歐美疫情最高峰出現在4~5月，對經濟的影響則可限制在一~二個季度，而下半年經濟活動將會開始回復正常；假如疫情高峰拖過今年上半年，則對經濟的影響將超過三個季度，因為經濟暫停時間過長的情況下，企業的現金流將會出現問題，衍生出企業的倒閉與裁員，且消費者的財務情況也會連帶開始惡化，進而影響消費力道。

無論如何，疫情已重挫短期消費與經濟動能，能否在未來幾周內受到抑制仍是短線的觀察重點。就算疫情終究受到控制，人類的生活型態可能已產生結構性變化，

部分具有剛性需求受疫情影響不大，甚至會受益的次產業，將是未來股市反彈的重心，包含：1.伺服器/資料中心相關之散熱、ABF、砷化鎵、IC設計等；2.受惠疫情延燒之醫材/疫苗/新藥、線上遊戲、電子商務。

（作者是凱基投顧董事長）

疫情
 美股


title: 法人：營建股 有望成資金避風港

content_text:
今年房市在新冠肺炎疫情攪局下，各大案場來人減少，但法人表示，由於在低利環境，加上上市櫃營建公司股利發放一向大方，營建股在高殖利率護體下，有望成為資金避風港。

法人表示，從市場觀察，營建股上周在大盤跌深反彈下也拉出一波漲勢，並站上5、10日線上，其中指標股遠雄、國揚更站上所有均線。


taiwan-subdivisions: 三星 中西 南屯區 西屯區

things: iPhone 經濟

content_text:
股王大立光9日召開線上法說會，由大立光執行長林恩平主持，目前正值華為、三星等非蘋新機上市旺季，外界預期，新冠肺炎疫情對於供應鏈影響、客戶新機推出計畫、手機規格升級進度、產能擴充進度等四大議題將是法人關注焦點。

大立光今（5）日公布3月營收，儘管大立光已預告，3月拉貨動能有望優於2月，但因市場變化大，客戶是否修正訂單，仍要觀察。 一般預期，大立光第1季營收仍將突破百億元大關，年增率逾兩成。

經濟日報提供

大立光為全球手機鏡頭龍頭，通吃蘋果及非蘋陣營訂單，近期包括華為新旗艦機P40系列上市，蘋果也將推出第二代iPhone SE，市場傳出，非蘋兩大旗艦機華為P40系列與三星Galaxy S20 Ultra搭載的鏡頭模組成本都首度超過100美元，創新高，大立光為兩款手機鏡頭主力供應商，成為大贏家。

隨著鏡頭相關成本不斷提升，法人預期，大立光挾技術優勢，將持續維持領先地位，帶動毛利率提升。

市場關注受到新冠肺炎疫情影響，歐美疫情慘重，全球各國為防範疫情延燒，擴大鎖國政策，經濟活動停止，是否進一步衝擊相關供應鏈，甚至影響終端消費市場需求，外界高度囑目。

另一方面，大立光產能擴張進度也是焦點，林恩平去年底已透露產能空間用罄，加上很多新產品開發需要空間，在產能不足下，其中，購入多年、位於台中西屯區4,200坪土地，已在農曆年前發包興建，估計投入金額約16.6億元，上季已動工。

至於位於南屯區的7,400坪及3,500坪土地，其中，7,400坪建廠土地最快今年下半年動工；3,500坪的土地預計明年才會動工。林恩平日前強調，智慧手機規格持續升級，去年底8P（八片塑膠鏡片）已量產出貨，目前8P使用在高階產品比較多，由於規格高，價格比較好，預估今年有更多客戶導入，目前9P正設計中。

疫情
 新冠肺炎

title: 大立光9日法說 四重點聚焦


content_text:
營建股高現金殖利率個股出列，其中長虹、鼎固-KY、宏璟、華固、遠雄、達麗、新潤等七檔現金殖利率估突破9%~10%，法人認為，其中華固、長虹、遠雄今年營運持續維持高檔，可望成為買盤青睞標的。

鼎固-KY去年處分北京鼎固子公司股權交易，在處分利益達78.46億元、每股挹注約4.51元下，推升集團去年稅後純益達82.09億元，每股純益4.72元。公司決議配發2.23元現金，雖然配發率47%，不過依1日收盤價21.65元計算，若後續順利填息，現金殖利率高達10.3%，穩居營建股之冠。

宏璟建設去年在「土城日月光」成屋案持續銷售挹注營運下，推升去年稅後純益達7.42億元、年增77.5%，每股純益2.84元。公司決議配發1.8元現金股利，也讓公司現金殖利率飆上10.2%。

2018年獲利王長虹建設，去年稅後純益31.71億元、年減23.8%，每股純益10.93元，雖低於前年的14.34元，不過連兩年賺逾一個股本，獲利依舊有不錯表現；法人指出，過去長虹配息率在六至七成，若公司有機會配息達7.5元現金，現金殖利率可望高達10.2%。

達麗建設去年「全民萬歲」完工入帳，推升去年稅後純益為9.22億元，較前年0.47億元大增18.6倍，每股純益3.59元；法人指出，達麗目前尚未公布股利，不過依過去公司平均配息在七至八成來看，有機會發出超過2.5元現金，殖利率高達9.6%。

遠雄建設規劃配發3.5元現金，殖利率高達9.2%；華固建設擬配發7.5元現金，殖利率也達9.1%。

殖利率
 長虹

title: 高殖利率營建股 吸睛


content_text:
2016年，政府正式宣告為「人工智慧元年」，並於同年8月推出「AI科研戰略」，之後為期四年的台灣AI行動計畫，目前已邁入第三年，現階段人工智慧之各類型應用發展仍如火如荼，但是進一步針對相關應用進行盤點，也發現不少其實是假人工智慧之名，實際上行所謂的工人智慧之實。

國際上許多新創公司就被專家踢爆，其實仍是依靠大量人力建構所謂的「人工智慧」系統，這種發展對於人工智慧整體而言是澆了一盆冷水，但是整體而言，仍檔不住人工智慧浪潮；到底人工智慧為生活及科技帶來何種進步，而人工智慧是否真是下一世代人類的希望，值待探討。

探討這兩個問題前，要先思考人工智慧真正的原理。其實人工智慧就是數學和機率之間的搭配，藉由不同的演算法組合，設計出類似於人類的思考方式。早期的人工智慧因搭配的硬體設備不足，能處理的資料量不大，自然須依靠大量人力補強。但現階段軟體及硬體的大量進步，愈來愈多資料及資訊可以靠硬體及演算法邏輯進行彌補，但是相對而言，如何擷取真正有用的資訊，並由有用的資訊中獲取研究真正所需目標，才是人工智慧領域需要面臨的挑戰與問題。

現階段人工智慧相關技術發展日新月異，但是真正能夠顯露出其價值不是這些演算法，而是在於其能否真正對目前各類型經濟及社會相關應用有所貢獻，並且有效提升產業及相關市場之價值。目前我國在人工智慧之重點發展方向，運用專利分析可發現重點廠商布局包括電腦科技、通訊、製造即相關領域運用、以及半導體和生醫；這些技術中，進一步針對其可能應用領域發展進行分析，可發現重點仍然在科技產業、製造業和醫療技術產業，也可以說三大產業是現階段人工智慧在我國發展最重要領域。但這三大產業現階段雖運用最多人工智慧技術，但是否能真正做到完整且完全之智慧，仍有待時間證明。

進一步將重點領域進行思考，可發現未來若結合這些重點發展方向，未來智慧製造、智慧醫療可說是台灣最為具有發展機會之狀況。智慧製造部分主要結合感測器及相關自動化排程系統，甚至是機上盒將資訊快速傳遞至相關管控中心，針對製程進行規畫，並確保品質。智慧醫療部分，可以有效透過人工智慧搭配半導體及相關遠距傳輸工具將醫療影像解讀、醫療資訊傳遞、醫療狀況判讀，做完整性的應用，並透過相關應用，結合現階段我國在相關領域之強項，藉此進行完整之人工智慧技術發展應用。

概況言之，真正人工智慧的價值，應該是在產業的應用；而適當之應用，才會協助人工智慧進一步發展，可以說是魚幫水、水幫魚；人工智慧基本上就是需要在產業的應用中，學習到大量真實的數據，才可協助成長，等於說產業就是其學習之基石，也是讓人工智慧脫離工人智慧之真正核心，但是產業相關應用為何，是否有真正之價值，還是只是讓人工智慧「大才小用」這部分，就有賴於市場及相關領域之接受度。

因此我國應針對相關發展領域，優先針對我國在此領域較具有優勢支領域發展，進一步強化人工智慧運用，並將相關資訊回饋給人工智慧模組團隊，藉此有效強化人工智慧技術之價值，未來才有可能進一步提升人工智慧之能量。（作者是國家實驗研究院科技政策研究與資訊中心研究員）

人工智慧
 演算法
 半導體

title: 產業追蹤／AI浪潮 製造、醫療潛力大


countries: 荷蘭 台灣 美國

content_text:
進入2020年後，創新科技帶來許多新突破，例如5G基礎建設的完成，能整合更多應用，提升遠距醫療、邊緣運算、人工智慧的創新發展。今年1月美國拉斯維加斯舉辦的消費性電子展（CES），有超過2萬件產品，揭示未來科技的創新應用商機。CES 2020亮相的創新成果將重塑產業，創造就業機會，為全球經濟提供動力，並改善全球生活。

今年CES在醫療領域的業者，較去年成長二成，超過135家公司亮相，顯示出醫療領域在創新上的成長潛力，今年更擴展醫療技術的應用範疇，例如汽車成為醫療應用的新場域，如SONY的Vison-S概念車車載系統可監測駕駛生理狀況，Mindtronic的Cockpit DMX為具有AI功能的車載平台，可透過影像辨識來監測駕駛之生理狀況。

三星「Ballie」個人護理機器人，搭配球狀、感應器和攝影鏡頭及Catalia Health「Mabu」智能醫療伴侶機器人（圖）。 網路照片

心理層面也是智慧醫療擴張應用的另一個新領域，台灣新創公司Hipposcreen Neurotech發表的Stress EEG Assessment System，可協助醫生透過腦科技來評估病患壓力狀況，提供憂鬱症診斷的客觀數據；InteraXon公司研發的MUSES頭帶，可結合手機App，偵測並分析腦波進而提供適當之音樂協助入睡，同時提供個人化的情緒分析報告作為參考。

人工智慧結合智慧醫療的創新應用中，以照護機器人的發展最為成熟，三星發表一款名為「Ballie」的個人護理機器人，搭配球狀、配有感應器和攝影鏡頭的護理機器人，能在房內滾動進行巡邏，可幫助進行人的看護人，在發生緊急狀況時也能尋求醫療協助。在家庭應用中還可搭配其他智慧設備成為居家保姆。

Catalia Health公司研發出一款名為「Mabu」的智能醫療伴侶機器人，能針對每位患者量身打造對話，與病人社交互動，Mabu也可用來測試患者的症狀和用藥管理。南韓科學技術研究院（KIST）技轉出來的公司Robocare，專注研發老人照護相關設備，同時結合KakaoTalk通訊軟體進行老人遠距照護。

隨著技術的卓越發展，人工智慧亦可應用於分析患者病歷、疾病模式、協助醫師進行準確診斷及動刀等，例如荷蘭新創公司I-MEDTechnology藉由結合3D手術影像的數位放大鏡，強化醫師手術時的視野掌控度與臨床資訊廣度，提升了開刀效率與保障病人安全。

雖然目前離機器人完全執行手術的目標還有距離，但也是有些進展，醫療發展與生命息息相關，因此對於新科技導入勢必須抱持謹慎的態度，同時要一再進行檢視，而醫療相關的科技也必須在目標場域中不斷驗證，盡量由醫療人員與技術人員合作進行研發，融入需求驅動的角度，完善創新科技所帶給人類的福祉。（作者是國家實驗研究院科技政策研究與資訊中心研究員）

機器人
 手術
 人工智慧

title: 產業追蹤／CES展 照護機器人玩創新


title: 生醫數位化 三趨勢浮現

content_text:
KPMG（安侯建業）認為，醫藥、電子商務、保險及線上娛樂業將會因新冠肺炎疫情受益，但旅遊、物流、製造及精品業將會有巨大影響。在直接投資方面，疫情對現金流帶來壓力，將影響企業組織重整與併購；全球供應鏈有多角化與移轉趨勢；線上與實體通路布局比重會調整；各國政府的產業刺激政策及信用評等變化將造成後續效應。

新冠病毒疫情衝擊， KPMG安侯建業健康照護與生技產業服務團隊主持人蘇嘉瑞認為，生醫產業數位化未來將有三大改變趨勢，包括溝通方式、醫療行為及醫療生態的改變。

蘇嘉瑞分析，大型聚會取消，轉為線上教育訓練及產品發表，使溝通方式改變；隔離期間如何運用遠距與數位化進行診斷，法規與制度的建立將是數位醫療發展重點。醫療大數據的鏈結等醫療生態改變，將建立新的醫療生態系與商業模式。

events: 新冠肺炎 新冠病毒


title: 疫苗研發 製藥業新契機

countries: 中國 印度 台灣

content_text:
新冠肺炎疫情影響全球藥品供應鏈，原料藥價格漲幅上看三成，台灣藥品市場仰賴國外、尤其自中國大陸進口，中華徵信所提醒業者必須啟動備料機制。因疫情需求藥品非台廠主力，轉單效應對台灣原料藥廠商來說，實質受惠機會不高，但世界各國積極投入資源研發疫苗，有機會成為加速我國製藥業發展的催化劑。

中華徵信所指出，製藥產業需仰賴貿易配合，在大陸原料短缺後，廠商可能要轉向歐美或印度進口原料，藥物成本可能會上升二到三成。但因歐美疫情也很嚴峻，建議業者應啟動備料機制，協助廠商調整進貨來源，降低缺料風險。

中華徵信所表示，台灣藥品市場主要仰賴國外進口，原料藥最大進口來源就是大陸，根據衛福部食藥署統計，以來源藥廠數量計算，大約占台灣進口原料藥總量的35%。

由於製藥業的發展需要極長時間養成，任何一個環節受到影響對整個周期都會產生疊加效應，除原料藥短缺，近期醫療量能排擠效應也恐將造成醫療資源困乏，中華徵信所建議政府，需建立達到醫療資源最佳效率的使用制度。

根據經濟部的台灣藥品統計，2018年台灣藥品業產值為703億元，2019年第1、2季產值保持成長趨勢。根據中華徵信所「台灣地區大型企業排名」顯示，2018年製藥業前十名業者總營收334億元，更有79家藥廠進入前5,000名榜單。前五名為葛蘭素史克藥廠、永信藥品、東洋藥品、台灣神隆、信東生技。


content_text:
傳統放射科的工作模式經由人工智慧和機器學習的進入，從卷積神經網路到深度學習的數位影像應用，醫療影像已逐步過渡到數位化和智慧化，大量的醫療影像數據成為機器學習最好訓練來源，也啟動人工智慧技術對醫療領域全面應用的研究。

由於軟體內含演算法，其功能已超越傳統的醫療設備或硬體，因此美國FDA為確保人工智慧醫療影像軟體的診斷有效且安全，2019年公布「臨床決策支援軟體草案工作指導手冊（Decision Support Software）」，將具有人工智慧或機器學習之醫療應用軟體定義為「技術」，以「軟體即醫材（SaMD）」的規範，做為風險監管架構的基礎，軟體可以提供醫生、患者或護理人員與疾病相關的診斷、治療、預防、治癒或緩解等資訊，開啟人工智慧醫療影像診斷軟體進入臨床決策系統的時程。

目前已通過核准上市的人工智慧醫療影像診斷應用軟體，包含中低風險具有創新性醫療影像產品之De Novo（第II類）的核准途徑，現有乳癌、骨科、腦科等不同適應症，在核准通過後即可臨床使用。

1.乳癌影像診斷QuantX：是用於篩選高風險乳癌患者，為FDA第一個核准上市的人工智慧醫療影像軟體 （DEN170022），由新創公司 Quantitative Insights開發，目前由子公司Qlarity Imaging負責商業化。

QuantX以電腦視覺演算法進行乳癌影像特徵辨識，用以判斷異常範圍的邊界，運用機器學習模型增強影像形態給予異常值評估，以避免誤診及減少不必要的檢查。

2.手腕骨折影像檢測OsteoDetect：這是Imagen公司2016年在紐約成立的新創公司，開發人工智慧識別手腕橈骨遠端骨折影像軟體「OsteoDetect」，2018年B輪獲得Expanding Capital、谷歌風投（GV）、Threshold Ventures等資金，總資金達6億美元，同年FDA核准上市（DEN180005）。

OsteoDetect使用卷積神經網路透過深度學習進行圖像分割，將圖像特徵所生成的裂縫位置熱區圖疊加在原始圖像上，輔助臨床手腕骨折的檢測精準度，其所提出的1,000張X光影像回顧性研究數據用以支持軟體演算法的檢測效果及準碓性。

3.腦中風早期徵兆影像檢測-ContaCT ：新創公司Viz.ai開發腦中風醫療照護平台系列軟體，已通過FDA第二類核准的ContacCT（DEN170073）-急性缺血性腦中風影像自動檢測軟體，以及第一類核准的CTP（K180161）-腦圖像自動分析軟體；Viz.ai在三年內完成五次募資，去年10月的B輪由創投Greenoaks領投，目前總資金8,000萬美元。

ContaCT分為圖像通知、圖像處理和分析及圖像閱覽等三個部份。

從執行電腦斷層掃描後，會將腦血管造影圖像將數據同步傳送至ContaCT，運用演算法對影像進行分割後量化大血管閉塞的圖像特徵，用以識別潛在的腦中風生物標記，進行腦中風的早期徵兆預測，並透過移動裝置的應用程序發送圖像通知臨床醫生或專家瀏覽圖像分析後結果，腦中風照護軟體目前已在美國多家醫院使用。

人工智慧和機器學習技術不斷推進至醫療影像檢測和診斷等層面，有愈來愈多新創公司在人工智慧醫療影像診斷軟體獲得FDA核准，不僅加速醫療影像工作自動化及簡化流程，更提高醫療影像檢測的效率及診斷的準確性，最重要是人工智慧技術具有醫療影像設備性能自動優化的優勢，更開啟醫療影像由人工智慧診斷時代的序幕。

（作者是國家實驗研究院科技政策研究與資訊中心研究員）

軟體
 人工智慧
 腦中風

title: 產業追蹤／智慧影像診斷 軟體也是醫材


title: 武漢肺炎》紐約州單日630死創新高 確診數直逼義大利


title: 名列頂尖大前鋒 鄧肯賈奈特入主名人堂

content_text:
〔中央社〕前美國職籃NBA球星鄧肯、賈奈特都被視為史上最偉大的大前鋒，其中鄧肯5度率領馬刺拿下總冠軍，賈奈特表現全能，在灰狼隊時期，也有「狼王」之稱。

2020年籃球名人堂名單今天揭曉，包括布萊恩（Kobe Bryant）、鄧肯（Tim Duncan）與賈奈特（Kevin Garnett）等人正式入主名人堂。

他們3人之間擁有部分共通點，布萊恩20個NBA球季都在洛杉磯湖人隊度過，鄧肯則是19年都待在聖安東尼奧馬刺隊，兩人都拿下5座總冠軍，而布萊恩與賈奈特同樣在高中畢業後就投入NBA選秀。

鄧肯、賈奈特兩名傳奇球星，都曾經穿上背號21號的球衣。

鄧肯小時候曾夢想與姊姊一樣，成為優秀的游泳選手，但一場颱風破壞當地游泳池，加上母親過世，意外成為他人生的轉折點，畏懼鯊魚的他，害怕下海訓練，後來開始接觸籃球。

馬刺隊在1997年的選秀會上，以首輪第一順位選中鄧肯，成為選秀狀元，開啟馬刺隊的輝煌時代。鄧肯加盟後，也不負球隊期待，在新人球季就嶄露頭角，場均21.1分。

鄧肯帶領馬刺隊在1999年、2003年、2005年、2007年與2014年拿下5座總冠軍，他曾3度榮獲總冠軍賽最有價值球員（MVP），兩度獲選年度MVP，且15度入選NBA明星賽，並在2016年7月正式宣布退休。

「石佛」鄧肯球風沉穩，球技實而不華，場上給人猶如公務員般的形象，與同樣入選的布萊恩、賈奈特相比，給人印象呈現極大反差。

鄧肯退休後，本季重返馬刺隊，加入教練團陣容，擔任助教，也曾暫代主帥一職，在對戰夏洛特黃蜂一役，拿下執教首勝。

另外，賈奈特在1995年NBA選秀，以首輪第5順位之姿，被明尼蘇達灰狼選中，擔負球隊攻守重任，隔年與馬布瑞（Stephon Marbury）、古格里奧塔（Tom Gugliotta）組成灰狼三劍客，聯手率隊首度闖進季後賽，但他直到轉戰波士頓塞爾蒂克後，2008年才摘下個人首枚總冠軍戒指。

不過，賈奈特在塞爾蒂克第2個球季受傷，球隊也挑戰衛冕失利。

賈奈特2013年轉披布魯克林籃網戰袍，同年2月正式成為NBA的2萬5000分俱樂部一員，史上第16人，2015年再度回鍋老東家灰狼隊。

球風全面、個性強悍的賈奈特，2016年9月宣布退休，生涯15度入選NBA明星賽，並擁有一座NBA年度MVP獎項，更曾連續4屆稱霸籃板王。（編輯：張芷瑄）


title: 防疫難為仍要向前！ 韓國瑜邀資深護理長談防疫心聲

taiwan-subdivisions: 燕巢區 高雄市

content_text:
高雄市長韓國瑜和市府人員不斷宣導防疫，4日晚間在臉書、Telegram與燕巢區衛生所護理長黃秀娥談防疫至今遇到的問題、需要市政府協助和市民配合的事。黃秀娥直言有些民眾接到居家檢疫、居家隔離的通知時無法接受，有些檢疫和隔離的民眾未告知實際的身體狀況，她並請韓國瑜協助增加消防救護車的調派，韓國瑜表示已在協調。

黃秀娥說她有30年的護理工作經驗，前13年在高雄長庚、後16年在燕巢區衛生所服務，SARS來襲時，她就在長庚工作，新冠肺炎病毒比SARS傳播的速度快，影響更大，因此大家要更重視防疫，勤洗手、戴口罩。

韓國瑜問到大年初四開始投入新冠肺炎疫情調查中心以來，遇到那些情況？黃秀娥說，有些民眾接到居家檢疫或居家隔離家訪時，無法接受，會對疫調人員有言語上的指責，認為政府憑什麼要他們隔離14天？衛生所、疫調人員就要和對方溝通，還有溝通之後民眾多半能配合。

黃秀娥說，居家檢疫和居家隔離的民眾身體上如果有什麼狀況，如咳嗽、呼吸道方面的問題、流鼻水、最近還發現味覺、嗅覺喪失等，都要據實跟里幹事告知，好安排就醫，千萬不要隱匿病情，不要因為害怕不講；有些民眾被安排採檢時會排斥，請遇到要採檢的人要配合，否則可能觸法。

韓國瑜要黃秀娥告訴高雄市政府，市府能為第一線的防疫人員做那些事？黃秀娥表示，每次要消防局119救護車要載相關民眾時，消防員的消毒、著防護衣就要花很多時間，民眾就得等很久，消防員的人數有限，盼市府能協助解決救護車接送檢疫、隔離、就醫等民眾的問題。

韓國瑜表示，市府已在協調其他救護車支援。

黃秀娥呼籲民眾，要勤洗手，如果有肥皂、水可以濕洗手，一定要濕洗手，如果沒有水和肥皂濕洗手，可用酒精噴滿手，再搓手20秒把酒精搓乾，儘量和他人拉開一公尺的距離，也一定要戴口罩，最重要的是身體不舒服有就醫需求時，要連繫衛生單位。


title: 武漢肺炎》中國工人用口罩擦鞋引爆爭議 美司法部長也轉傳